Accessibility User’s Guide: Summative Test Form Accessibility User's... · Accessibility User’s Guide: Summative Test Form ... • Spanish Pre-Recorded Audio Test Directions, - [PDF Document] (2024)

Accessibility User’s Guide: Summative Test Form

ARKANSAS 2017 SUMMATIVE TESTING

Contact InformationFor assistance, first contact your ACT Aspire test coordinator. Otherwise, call ACT Aspire Customer Service at 888.802.7502, 6:00 a.m.–7:30 p.m., central time, Monday through Friday, or email [emailprotected].

Visit actaspire.pearson.com for links to the following sites:

• ACT Aspire Portal administrator/teacher sign in

• ACT Aspire System Check for TestNav 8

• ACT Aspire Student Sandbox

• AR Avocet (a collection of manuals, guides, and help sheets)

• Aspire Training Management Site (TMS)

• Many more helpful resources

Visit http://avocet.pearson.com/ArkansasACTAspire/Home#11334 for the following accessibility information:

(Avocet, a collection of manuals, guides, and help sheets)

• Spanish Pre-Recorded Audio Test Directions, all tests, all grade-levels

• Braille Notes (for Room Supervisor)

• ACT Calculator Policy

© 2017 by ACT, Inc. All rights reserved. ACT Aspire® is a registered trademark of ACT, Inc.

Note: This manual is the copyrighted property of ACT, Inc., and may not be copied or otherwise reproduced without the prior written express permission of ACT, Inc. If you are not the authorized and intended user of these materials, contact ACT Aspire Customer Service immediately at 888.802.7502. OPS1634

iii

Contents

Special Update to the 2017 Accessibility User’s Guide v

Overview 1Purpose 1Goals 1This Guide and Other Test Administration

Manuals 2

The ACT Aspire Accessibility System: Levels of Support 3Understanding Levels of

Accessibility Support 3Support Level 1: Default Embedded System

Tools 5Support Level 2: Open Access Tools 6Support Level 3: Accommodations 7Support Level 4: Modifications 8

Accessibility Supports 92017 Paper Summative Testing 92017 Online Summative Testing 14

Choosing Appropriate Supports for Testing 18Introduction 18When Instruction and Assessment Supports

Differ 18How to Create a Local Personal Needs Profile

(PNP) 20How to Create an Online PNP for ACT Aspire

Testing 24

Administration Procedures for Accessibility Supports 27Before the Test Session 27During the Test Session 28

After Each Test 38Transcribe Original Student Responses for

Scoring 38Return Original Student Work with

Transcriptions 38

Appendix A: Personal Needs Profile (PNP) Student-Level Worksheet 39Accessibility Supports: Online versus Paper 42

Appendix B: General Response Dictation and Scribing Procedures – Summative Testing 44Characteristics of Dictate Response Users 44Definition of Dictate Responses 44Additional Requirements for Dictation 44Scribes 45Procedures for Response Dictation and

Scribing 45

iv

CONTENTS

Appendix C: Guidelines for Sign Language Interpretation – Summative Testing 48Content Available for Signing 48When Signing Is Permitted during ACT Aspire

Testing 48Who May Deliver Signed Test

Interpretation 48Guidelines for Sign Interpretation 49Preparation for Sign Interpretation 49Delivery 49Required Testing Environment and Other

Supports 50

Appendix D: Approved Bilingual Word-To-Word Dictionaries – Summative Testing 52Who Should Use Word-To-Word Linguistic

Support 52Prohibited Dictionaries 52Distributors of Bilingual Word-to-Word

Dictionaries and Glossaries 66

Appendix E: Procedures for Local Delivery of Read-Aloud Support – Summative Testing 71Definition of this Support 71Allowed Content Areas 71Who May Deliver Personal Reader Support 71Individual Test Administration 71General Procedure for Providing the Read-Aloud

Support 73Specific Procedures for Staff Serving as

Readers 73Special Considerations for Selected-Response

Tests 74Specific Procedures for Reading the Writing

Test 74Specific Procedures for Reading the

Mathematics and Science Tests 75

v

Special Update to the 2017 Accessibility User’s GuideThe 2017 Accessibility User’s Guide has been updated to reflect the most current capacity of the

TestNav8 system. Below are issues that have been recently identified and are not otherwise shown in

this guide:

Tools with Special Rules of OperationThe three tools listed below are currently available to all users in the drop-down menu as noted

below. These three tools are officially “open access” tools but operate at this time more like

“embedded tools.” It is expected that any student who uses these tools document their selection

in a Personal Needs Profile (PNP).

• Magnifier Tool: Available to all users in the toolbar like an embedded tool.

• Answer Masking Tool: Available to all users in the drop-down menu.

Documentation in PNP–Expected

• Color Contrast: Available to all standard form users in the drop-down menu.

Documentation in PNP-Expected. Note: Not available in menu yet for online TTS users.

However, if a student using Text-to-Speech needs color contrast, he or she may instead use

an acetate color overlay by taping the overlay over the computer monitor to filter the light.

• Highlighter Tool: This is an embedded tool available to all who use a standard form of

the test by clicking and dragging over the text. This is not yet available to examinees who are

using a TTS form. No documentation is needed.

Braille Options: What Summative Test Braille Formats Are Available?UEB: In Spring 2016, the selection and use of UEB, the new braille in contracted or uncontracted

format, is available only for those students who are not taking a TTS Audio test form. This UEB

limitation impacts only the Writing, Mathematics, and Science content tests that are provided in

TTS Audio. If a student needs both the new UEB Braille format and a read-aloud, test administrators

should select both a paper format test and the Human Reader option.

vi

SPECIAl UPDATE TO THE 2017 ACCESSIBIlITy USER’S GUIDE

EBAE (the traditional braille format) is still available for all students as needed, regardless of test

format and for all content areas.

• If you are requesting English TTS Audio for users with blindness, you will automatically

be prompted to order a companion EBAE braille form (either contracted or uncontracted

version).

• If you are requesting English TTS Audio for sighted users and also request a companion

braille document, you will also be directed to choose an EBAE braille form (either contracted

or uncontracted version).

The following chart shows exactly which braille formats are available in Spring 2017.

Again, this limitation impacts only the TTS Audio form tests (Writing, Mathematics, and Science) for

the Spring 2017 administration.

UEB is fully available in these test conditions:

If TTS Audio Is NOT

Selected

Paper Format (with any needed

supports)

Online Format (No TTS Audio

Selected)

Large Print Companion, If Ordered

Braille Companion Options

(contracted/uncontracted)

All Session Times are Standard Time

unless Extra Time is Selected in PNP

(See AR Room Supervisor Manual for session times.)

Reading1 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB yesEnglish1 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB yesWriting Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB yesMathematics Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB yesScience Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB yes

UEB is not available in TTS Audio Testing conditions shaded below:

If TTS Audio IS Selected

Online TTS Audio Format

Ordered

Large Print Companion, If Ordered

Braille Companion Options

(contracted/uncontracted)

Session Time(See AR Room Supervisor Manual

for session times.)

Reading – No TTS1 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB Standard unless extra selected2

English – No TTS1 Form 2 Form 2 Form 2 EBAE or UEB Standard unless extra selected2

Writing – TTS Form 1 Form 1 Form 1 EBAE only 300% time automatically givenMathematics –TTS Form 1 Form 1 Form 1 EBAE only 300% time automatically givenScience – TTS Form 1 Form 1 Form 1 EBAE only 300% time automatically given

1 Reading and English tests are the same in both tables above because there is no TTS Audio permitted for these content areas. They are treated as standard forms.

2 If reading or decoding is difficult for the student, extra time may be needed. Selection of time amount should be based upon local determination of individual student need.

1

Overview

PurposeThe ACT Aspire® Accessibility User’s Guide has been created to:

• ensure ACT Aspire assessments are administered in standardized yet accessible ways

• help educators understand and make appropriate accessibility choices for individual students

• help educators provide students with the best opportunity to show what they know within the

testing experience

• help test coordinators train room supervisors involved in the administration of accessibility

supports

The guide provides procedural information regarding the administration of accessibility supports

during ACT Aspire assessments. This guide does not replace the professional expertise and informed

judgment of the local educators and others who determine and document the support needs for

individual students.

This guide contains information that is universally relevant. The ACT Aspire assessments include

accessibility supports that are allowed for all students. This guide familiarizes test administrators

with these supports and with the appropriate ways to administer them.

This guide notes some boundaries to accessibility support in ACT Aspire assessments. ACT Aspire

does not dictate which accessibility procedures the local governing educational authority must

permit; rather, we specify the range within which the assessments may be administered so accurate

and valid inferences may be drawn from students’ performance on the tests.

GoalsEach section of the Accessibility User’s Guide has a specific goal:

• Overview (this section). Summarizes the purpose of the guide and the goals of each section.

• The ACT Aspire Accessibility System. Defines accessibility and the three levels of

accessibility support available within ACT Aspire assessments.

• Accessibility Supports. Identifies accessibility supports that meet student needs during ACT

Aspire assessments.

• Choosing Appropriate Supports for Testing. Explains how to create a Personal Needs

Profile (PNP) for students who use the accessibility supports. This step documents and officially

assigns the supports uniquely needed by an individual student during an ACT Aspire assessment.

2

OVERVIEw

• Administration Procedures for Accessibility Supports. Defines administration

procedures for specific accessibility supports.

• After Each Test. Explains what to do at the end of each test session when accessibility supports

have been used.

• Appendixes. Provides the following resources:

~ worksheet to use when completing a PNP (appendix A)

~ response dictation and Writing test scribing procedures (appendix B)

~ sign language (ASL and SEE) interpretation guidelines (appendix C)

~ approved word-to-word bilingual dictionaries (appendix D)

~ procedures for human readers (appendix E)

This Guide and Other Test Administration ManualsThe Accessibility User’s Guide is dedicated primarily to the appropriate provision of student

accessibility supports during assessment. The guide does not replace the ACT Aspire AR Test

Coordinator Manual, the AR Room Supervisor Manual: Online Summative Testing, or the AR

Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative Testing. It is a supplement to those manuals and is

meant to be used in conjunction with them.

For information about standard test procedures for all students before, during, and after testing;

about overall test administration and testing incidents; or about other situations that may arise,

please consult the appropriate administration manual.

3

The ACT Aspire Accessibility System: Levels of SupportAll accessibility supports permitted during ACT Aspire testing and described in this guide are

designed to remove unnecessary barriers to student performance on the assessments. All the

supports fully honor the content, knowledge, and skills the tests measure.

Understanding Levels of Accessibility SupportWhy are we using the term accessibility instead of accommodations? Accessibility is

a universal concept that is not restricted to any one group of students. It describes needs we all have

regardless of whether or not we have an official diagnostic label. The older and more familiar term

accommodations describes only one intensive level of support that few students actually need.

Over the last decade in educational research and practice, we have come to understand that all

students have tools they need and use every day to engage in the classroom and communicate

effectively what they have learned and can do. There are different levels of support that students may

need in order to demonstrate what they know and can do on academic tests. ACT Aspire assessments

make several possible levels of support available. All these levels of support taken together are called

accessibility supports. These accessibility supports:

• allow all students to gain access to effective means of communication that in turn allow them to

demonstrate what they know without providing an advantage over any other student

• enable effective and appropriate engagement, interaction, and communication of student

knowledge and skills

• honor and measure academic content as the test developers originally intended

• remove unnecessary barriers to students’ demonstrating the content, knowledge, and skills being

measured on ACT Aspire assessments

In short, accessibility supports do nothing for the student academically that he or she should be

doing independently; they just make interaction and communication possible and fair for each

student.

4

THE ACT ASPIRE ACCESSIBIlITy SySTEM: lEVElS OF SUPPORT

The ACT Aspire assessment system is structured to empower educational professionals to exercise

professional decision making that is aligned with local values and appropriately informed by

research and best practices where this knowledge exists.

The ACT Aspire accessibility system defines four levels of support that range from minor

support (default embedded system tools) to extreme support (modifications). Figure 1 shows the

architectural structure of ACT Aspire accessibility supports.

ACT Aspire permits the use of those accessibility supports that will honor and validly preserve the

skills and knowledge that our tests claim to measure, while removing needless, construct-irrelevant

barriers to student performance. The four levels of support in the ACT Aspire accessibility system

represent a continuum of supports, from least intensive to most intensive, and assumes all users

have communication needs that fall somewhere on this continuum. The unique combination of

supports needed by a single test taker is called the Personal Needs Profile (PNP). A PNP

tells the system which supports to provide for a specific test taker. Many students will not need a

documented PNP. When a student’s communication needs are not documented in a PNP, the system

treats the student as a default user whose accessibility needs are sufficiently met through the

default test administration represented by the base of the pyramid—that is, without accessibility

features other than the basic set already embedded for all test takers. (See support level 1, “Default

Embedded System Tools” in figure 1; these supports are also described in the next section.) The

continuum of supports permitted in ACT Aspire results in a personalized performance opportunity

for all.

Figure 1. ACT Aspire levels of accessibility support

THE ACT ASPIRE ACCESSIBIlITy SySTEM: lEVElS OF SUPPORT

5

Support Level 1: Default Embedded System ToolsThe first level of supports is called the default embedded system tools (see figure 2). They are

automatically available to a default user whose accessibility needs are sufficiently met through the

basic test administration experience.

Default embedded system tools meet the common, routine accessibility needs of the most typical

test takers. All students are provided these tools, as appropriate—even students who have no

documented PNP. Default embedded system tools include, but are not limited to, the following

examples in online and paper tests:

• number 2 pencils for use with scratch paper

• erasers

• computer keyboard (online)

• computer screen display (online)

• mouse (online)

• cut, copy, and paste functions in a text entry box (online)

• browser zoom magnification (online)

• answer eliminator (online)

• scratch paper (online)

• personal calculators for Mathematics tests (online)

• mark items for review (online)

These tools are either embedded in the computer test delivery platform or provided at the local

level automatically. They are the accessibility tools that nearly everyone uses routinely and assumes

will be made available, although we seldom think of them in this way. These tools serve a basic

accessibility function for all.

Figure 2. Default embedded system tools are common supports made available to all users upon launch/start of test. These tools are either embedded in the basic computer test delivery platform or may be locally provided as needed. No advance request is needed for these supports. Students whose needs are met by default embedded tools do not need a PNP.

DEFAULT EMBEDDED

6

THE ACT ASPIRE ACCESSIBIlITy SySTEM: lEVElS OF SUPPORT

Support Level 2: Open Access ToolsOpen Access tools (see figure 3) are available to all users but must be identified in advance in

the PNP, planned for, and then selected from the pull-down menu inside the test to be activated

(online), or else provided locally.

The majority of students’ unique sensory and communication accessibility needs are predictable and

can be met through a set of accessibility features designed into the underlying structure and delivery

format of test items. Rather than overwhelm the user with all the possible tools, Open Access tools

provide just the tools needed by individual users.

Open Access tools are slightly more intensive than default embedded system tools but can be

delivered in a fully standardized manner that is valid, appropriate, and personalized to the specific

access needs identified within an individual student’s PNP. Some of these require the use of tool-

specific administration procedures. In ACT Aspire, Open Access tools include but are not limited to

the following examples:

• respond in test booklet or on separate

paper (paper)

• line reader/line reader mask (paper/online)

• dictate responses (online and paper)

• keyboard or augmentative or assistive

communication (AAC) + local print (online

and paper)

• breaks: supervised within each day (online

and paper)

• special seating/grouping (online and paper)

• location for movement (online and paper)

• individual administration (online and paper)

• home administration (paper)

• other setting (online and paper)

• audio environment (online and paper)

• visual environment (online and paper)

• physical/motor equipment (online and paper)

Open Access tools should be chosen carefully and specifically to prevent overwhelming or

distracting the student during testing. Remember: routine annual documentation of successful (and

unsuccessful) use of accessibility tools through the student’s educational experience helps to inform

and improve future choices.

Figure 3. Open Access tools may be used by anyone, but to be activated they must be identified in advance in the PNP, planned, and selected from the pull-down menu inside the test to activate them (online), or else provided locally. Room supervisors must follow required procedures. Users should be practiced, familiar, and comfortable using these types of tools as well as comfortable using them in combination with any other tools.

OPEN ACCESS TOOLS

THE ACT ASPIRE ACCESSIBIlITy SySTEM: lEVElS OF SUPPORT

7

Support Level 3: AccommodationsAccommodations are high-level accessibility tools needed by relatively few students (see figure 4).

The ACT Aspire system requires accommodation-level supports to be requested by educational

personnel on behalf of a student through the online PNP process. This will allow any needed

resources to be assigned and documented for the student.1

It is expected and understood that students receiving accommodations have a formal plan in place

and use the accommodations regularly. The only requirement ACT makes is that the request to use

accommodation-level supports be made through the online PNP process before testing. Arkansas

requires a student to have an IEP/504/LPAC in place in order to receive accommodation-level

supports.

Students who receive this high level of support have a formally documented need for resources

or equipment that requires expertise, special training, and/or extensive monitoring to select,

administer, and even to use the support effectively and securely. These can include, but are not

limited to, the following examples:

• text-to-speech English audio

• text-to-speech English audio + orienting description for blind/low vision

• word-to-word dictionary

• human reader, English audio

• translated test directions

• Braille + tactile graphics

• sign language interpretation

• abacus, locally provided

• extra time (online and paper)

Decisions about accommodation-level supports are made by an educational team on behalf of and

including the student. Accommodation decisions are normally based on a formal, documented

evaluation of specialized need. Accommodation supports require substantial additional local

resources or highly specialized, expert knowledge to deliver successfully and securely.

1 Qualifying procedures or formal documentation required to request and receive accommodation-level support during ACT Aspire testing should be set by schools or districts.

8

THE ACT ASPIRE ACCESSIBIlITy SySTEM: lEVElS OF SUPPORT

Figure 4. Accommodations are available to users who have been qualified by their school or district to use them. ACT Aspire recommends that students who use accommodation-level supports have a formally documented need as well as relevant knowledge and familiarity with these tools. Accommodations must be requested through the online PNP process. Any formal qualifying procedure that is required by the responsible educational authority must be completed prior to completing the PNP request process.

ACCOMMODATIONS

Support Level 4: ModificationsModifications are supports that are sometimes used during instruction, but they alter what the

test is attempting to measure and thereby prevent meaningful access to performance of the construct

being tested (see figure 5). Because modifications violate the construct being tested, they invalidate

performance results and communicate low expectations of student achievement. Modifications are

not permitted during ACT Aspire testing.

(Modifications are further discussed in the section “When Instruction and Assessment Supports

Differ.”)

Figure 5. Modifications are supports that alter what the test is attempting to measure and therefore are not permitted in ACT Aspire tests.

MODIFICATIONS

9

Accessibility SupportsTables 1–8 on the following pages identify the accessibility supports available in the paper

summative (tables 1–4) and online summative (tables 5–8) ACT Aspire test formats.

2017 Paper Summative Testing

Table 1. Paper Summative Testing Presentation Supports

Presentation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Human Reader (English Audio)• Intended for user with ability to see

graphics.• Requires: locally provided; follow

procedure in appendix E• Recommended: Extra time 300%—must

separately select.

Accommodation* Directions Only

Directions Only yes yes yes

Human Reader (English Audio + Orienting Description)• Intended for user with blindness or low

vision.• Requires: locally provided; follow

procedure in appendix E. Must separately select and use Braille + Tactile Graphics companion.

• Allow time for shipping of braille materials. Student will also need response support to record responses in paper form.

• Recommended: Extra time 300%—must separately select.

Accommodation*

Directions Only

(then must use Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

Directions Only

(then must use Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

Translated Directions• Allowed for all grades.• Requires: locally provided.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Word-to-Word Dictionary, ACT-Approved• Requires: locally provided; follow

procedure in appendix D.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

10

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

Presentation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

American Sign Language (ASL): Directions Only (English Text)

• Requires: locally provided; follow procedure in appendix C.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

American Sign Language (ASL): Test Items (English Text)

• Requires: locally provided 1:1 administration; follow procedure in appendix C.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Signed Exact English (SEE): Directions Only (English Text)

• Requires: locally provided; follow procedure in appendix C.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Signed Exact English (SEE): Test Items (English Text)

• Requires: locally provided 1:1 administration; follow procedure in appendix C.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Cued Speech

• Requires: locally provided; follow procedure in appendix E.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Braille, Contracted, American Edition (EBAE) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Braille, Uncontracted, American Edition (EBAE) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Braille, Contracted, Unified English (UEB) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Table 1 (continued )

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

11

Presentation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Braille, Uncontracted, Unified English (UEB) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Large Print

• Requires: Time for shipment of materials.Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Magnifier Tool

• Requires: locally provided.Open Access** yes yes yes yes yes

Line Reader

• Requires: locally provided.Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Color Overlay

• Requires: locally provided.Open Access** yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.** See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

Table 2. Paper Summative Testing Interaction and Navigation Supports

Interaction and Navigation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Abacus

• Requires: locally provided.Accommodation* — — — yes —

Answer Masking

• Requires: locally provided.Open Access** yes yes — yes yes

Answer Eliminator

• Requires: locally provided; used in test booklet only.

Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Highlighter

• Requires: locally provided; used in test booklet only.

Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Scratch Paper

• Requires: locally provided.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Calculator (Grades 6–EHS)

• Requires: locally provided.

• Follow ACT Aspire Calculator Policy; may use accessible calculators.

Embedded — — — yes —

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.** See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

Table 1 (continued )

12

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

Table 3. Paper Summative Testing Response Supports

Response Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Electronic Spell Checker

• Requires: locally provided separate device which must meet specifications provided in Procedures for Administration in Guide.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Respond in Test Booklet or on Separate Paper

• Requires: Response transcription; original work must be returned.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Dictate Responses

• Requires: Follow procedure in appendix B.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Keyboard or AAC + Local Print

• Requires: Response transcription; original work must be returned.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Mark Item for Review

• Requires: Student mark, once made, must be erased thoroughly.

Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

13

Table 4. Paper Summative Testing General Test Condition Supports

General Test Condition Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Extra Time† Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Special Seating/Grouping Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Location for Movement Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Individual Administration Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Home Administration Requires ADE approval yes yes yes yes yes

Other Setting Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Audio Environment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Visual Environment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Physical/Motor Equipment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.† Extra time represents the maximum allowed within a same-day test. Session may end earlier if time not needed.

14

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

2017 Online Summative Testing

Table 5. Online Summative Testing Presentation Supports

Presentation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Text-to-Speech (English Audio)

• Intended for user with ability to see graphics.

• Requires: PNP system automatically assigns extra time 300%.†

Accommodation* Directions Only

Directions Only yes yes yes

Text-to-Speech (English Audio + Orienting Description)

• Intended for user with blindness or low vision.

• Requires: Braille + Tactile Graphics Companion; response support to record responses; time for shipment of braille materials; PNP system automatically assigns extra time 300%.†

• PNP system automatically prompts choice of Braille, Contracted or Braille, Uncontracted.

Accommodation*

Directions Only

(then must use Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

Directions Only

(then must use Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

yes

(with Braille + Tactile

Graphics)

Translated Test Directions

• Allowed for all grades.

• Requires: Must be provided before test launch.

• Spanish provided in online system; other languages must be locally provided.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Word-to-Word Dictionary, ACT-Approved

• Requires: locally provided; follow procedure in appendix D.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Cued Speech

• Requires: locally provided, follow procedure in appendix E.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Braille, Contracted, American Edition (EBAE) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

15

Presentation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Braille, Uncontracted, American Edition (EBAE) Includes Tactile Graphics • Requires: Response support to record

responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Braille Contracted, Unified English (UEB) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Braille, Uncontracted, Unified English (UEB) Includes Tactile Graphics

• Requires: Response support to record responses; time for shipment of materials.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Magnifier Tool• Online platform tool; may be locally

provided.Open Access** yes yes yes yes yes

Line Reader Mask• Online platform tool; may be locally

provided.Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Color Contrast • Online platform tool or locally provided

color overlay.

• Not available if Audio TTS is also selected

Open Access** yes yes yes yes yes

Browser Zoom Magnification • Online only.

Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.† Extra time represents the maximum allowed within a same-day test. Session may end earlier if time not needed.** See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

Table 5 (continued )

16

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

Table 6. Online Summative Testing Interaction and Navigation Supports

Interaction and Navigation Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Abacus

• Requires: locally provided.Accommodation* — — — yes —

Answer Masking

• Online platform tool.Open Access** yes yes — yes yes

Answer Eliminator

• Online platform tool.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Highlighter Tool

• Online platform tool.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Browser Cut, Copy, and Paste

• Online only.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Scratch Paper

• Requires: locally provided.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

Calculator (Grades 6–EHS)

• Online platform tool.

• Follow ACT Aspire Calculator Policy; may use accessible calculators.

Embedded — — — yes —

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.** See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

17

Table 7. Online Summative Testing Response Supports

Response Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Electronic Spell Checker

• Requires: locally provided separate device which must meet specifications provided in Procedures for Administration in Guide.

Accommodation* — — yes yes yes

Respond on Separate Paper

• Requires: locally provided; response transcription; original work must be returned.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Dictate Responses

• Requires: Follow procedure in appendix B.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Keyboard or AAC + Local Print

• Requires: Response transcription; original work must be returned.

• Recommended: Extra time.

Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Mark Item for Review

• Online platform.Embedded yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.

Table 8. Online Summative Testing General Test Condition Supports

General Test Condition Supports Support Level

Content Area

Reading English Writing Math Science

Extra Time† Accommodation* yes yes yes yes yes

Breaks: Supervised within Each Day Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Special Seating/Grouping Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Location for Movement Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Individual Administration Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Other Setting Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Audio Environment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Visual Environment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

Physical/Motor Equipment Open Access yes yes yes yes yes

* Qualification for use of permitted accessibility supports must follow policies of your local educational authority.† Extra time represents the maximum allowed within a same-day test. Session may end earlier if time not needed.

18

Choosing Appropriate Supports for TestingIntroductionAt specific and predictable points in all students’ experience of a test question or task, accessibility

is critically important. These are called access points. They include the initial presentation of the

test question or task, interaction and navigation demands that the question or task makes, and the

production of a response (see figure 6). The general test conditions (i.e., test setting, background

environment, and timing conditions) serve as a kind of broad, always-present access point as well.

General test conditions are illustrated by imagining yourself trying to read for an hour in a dim light,

to talk in a loud and chaotic room, or to carefully write your thoughts when someone keeps urging

you to write faster. Like access points, general test conditions greatly affect a student’s ability to

effectively engage and communicate during a testing situation. If an access point does not provide

the student with a fair chance to communicate what he or she knows about the construct being

tested, then the resulting score will not accurately represent the student’s true knowledge.

Every access point is a critical point for ensuring that students have the chance to communicate what

they know about what is actually being tested.

Construct fidelity checkpoints (sometimes called item specifications) provide defining

information that allows us to determine the access supports that can be allowed and whether

the testing experience of a student supports a fair and reasonable opportunity for the student

to communicate the content that is being measured if he or she knows this material. These

checkpoints are also shown in figure 6. If the construct fidelity checkpoint is violated, it means

that communication support is being provided in a way that prevents a student from having any

chance to demonstrate the knowledge being tested. This construct violation blocks access to the

performance of the content by giving away too much information. Construct violations invalidate

test scores.

When Instruction and Assessment Supports DifferThere is an important distinction between instructional accessibility supports and testing

accessibility supports. Supports provided at the beginning of the instructional process are designed

to help students experience, learn, and practice a new skill. The long-term purpose of instructional

supports or other early supports is to help the student learn to become as fluent and independent

as possible in performing that skill. For this reason, instructional supports should incorporate

a scaffolded fading process that provides more support early in the learning process, when skill

acquisition is just beginning. These intensive early instructional supports may at times simplify or

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

19

Figure 6. How a student experiences a test item. The figure illustrates schematically how all students cognitively engage with a test when they are trying to solve test items. Critical elements in the student information processing path are shown: the general testing conditions impacting the student throughout the test, critical communication access points that occur repeatedly during the test (item by item), and construct fidelity checkpoints that must be honored to obtain a valid score.

even modify the skill the student is learning, helping to guide, shape, and successively approximate

the student’s behavior to ensure that the student experiences some early success while moving closer

to real skill performance. However, the path to student independence must always be kept in mind

when planning instructional supports. Later in the instructional process, the need for intensive

support should be challenged to see how much control a student can assume.

As a student achieves increasingly high levels of skill independence, the accessibility supports the

student receives should be cut back further still until either full independence or the least intrusive

accessibility support—that level of support that will allow the student to demonstrate the skill in the

most independent manner possible for that student—is achieved.

For example, a student with a certain type of visual processing difficulty may need to use a

straightedge to guide visual tracking while reading. This requirement may also initially require that

another person hold the tracking tool or read a passage aloud for the student. Eventually, however,

the student should learn to perform the actual reading task with full independence to the extent of

his or her capability. At the point of testing, the student no longer needs a person to hold the tool or

to read the passage aloud; this has become the independent responsibility of the student. Remaining

• Includes the general test setting, environment, and timing considerations

• Access Point 1-Presentation of the item

• Access Points 2 and 3-Interaction and navigation demands

• Access Point 4-Response production

• Student performance, even if accessibility supports are used, must fully honor and demonstrate the content that is being tested. Otherwise the test is not valid or useful.

20

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

student needs for support may still be met, such as through student-controlled visual tracking

support on a computer. Independent use of a visual tracking tool thus becomes the least intrusive

accommodation for the student at this point.

Testing accessibility supports should be those accommodations that are the least intrusive

supports possible to meet the needs of a student while allowing that student the maximum level

of independence possible to give the student a chance to communicate exactly what she or he has

independently learned about the content to that point. Testing supports do not necessarily represent

the instructional end point, but they do represent a point in time that lies beyond the earliest phases

of skill acquisition. Some skill independence should be seen if instruction has been effective.

When choosing and planning instructional supports, teams must remember to carefully consider

long-term independence and thoughtfully design the process of fading the supports. The challenge is

finding the right balance of supports for a given student and actively, consistently, and constructively

supporting the growth of student independence.

How to Create a Local Personal Needs Profile (PNP)For any student to have ACT Aspire accessibility features at the Open Access or accommodation

levels of support, an educator must complete a local PNP for testing situations. There are several

ways to evaluate a student’s accessibility needs and create a local PNP. The two-step worksheet in

figure 7 illustrates one such method. Use the most appropriate method for your circ*mstances.

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

21

Student: Rhett Triever Age: 11 Grade: 5 Date: 1/23/16

1. Describe Sensory and Communication Strengths and Challenges

Review and consider recent student performance, evaluations, and observational evidence, and then document

sensory and communication skills that best describe the skill level of this student.

Sensory and Communication Skills

Visual AuditoryPhysical or

motor

First language

(ELL)

Reading or other

language process

Attention, memory, or

focus

STRENGTHEvidence suggests this skill set is a strength.

ü

NORMAL LIMITSEvidence suggests this skill set is available within normal limits.

ü ü ü

CHALLENGEEvidence suggests this skill set is a significant challenge.

Describe how this challenge creates a barrier to independent engagement or performance.

English Language Arts and Reading

Very slow decoding, needs extra time, has poor visual tracking left to right across page.

Focuses better and less anxious when seated near front of room or in small group.

Writing

Needs extra time to express thoughts.

Poor spelling.

Same as above.

Mathematics

Poor decoding interferes with math performance.

Same as above.

Science

Same as math.

Same as above.

Figure 7. Sample PNP worksheet

22

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

Figure 7 (continued )

2. Chart the PNP Summary for Testing Situations

For each challenge identified in step 1, decide if it applies to the specific part of the test experience

listed in step 2.

For each relevant access point and content area, specify the student accessibility need in terms of an

observed alternate identified strength or available skill that allows the student to work around and

compensate for a challenge or barrier.

Then consult the ACT Aspire Accessibility Supports list for matching supports or supports consistent

with this purpose. Identify supports for the test format (online or paper) in which the

student will be submitting all test responses.

If the challenge does not apply in a given instance, then leave the cell blank. Blank cells represent

standard accessibility needs shared by typical learners. For these access points, the student will use

only the default embedded accessibility tools.

Access Point Reading or English Writing Mathematics Science

Presentation Note alternate strengths or available skills the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to receiving or perceiving content presentation.

Alternate Strength

• Decodes more accurately and focuses longer with visual tracking support.

• Sometimes uses zoom to enlarge print.

• Performs better when material is presented in auditory form along with visual.

• Sometimes uses enlargement.

• Decodes more accurately and focuses longer with visual tracking support.

• Performs better when material is presented in auditory form along with visual.

• Sometimes uses enlargement.

• Decodes more accurately and focuses longer with visual tracking support.

• Performs better when material is presented in auditory form along with visual.

• Sometimes uses enlargement.

Accessibility Support

• line reader/line reader mask

• answer masking*• magnifier tool*

• English audio• magnifier tool*

• line reader/line reader mask

• answer masking*• English audio• magnifier tool*

• line reader/line reader mask

• answer masking*• English audio• magnifier tool*

Interaction and NavigationNote what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to interacting with or navigating content.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

* See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

23

Access Point Reading or English Writing Mathematics Science

Response Note what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to responding to content tasks, problems, or questions.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

General Test ConditionsNote what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to general performance task settings, test environments or timed situations.

Alternate Strength

• Performs better if moderate amount of extra time is allowed. If too much extra time, loses focus.

• Focuses better at front of room or away from visual distractions.

• Performs better if moderate amount of extra time is allowed. If too much extra time, loses focus.

• Focuses better at front of room or away from visual distractions.

• Performs better if moderate amount of extra time is allowed. If too much extra time, loses focus.

• Focuses better at front of room or away from visual distractions.

• Performs better if moderate amount of extra time is allowed. If too much extra time, loses focus.

• Focuses better at front of room or away from visual distractions.

Accessibility Support

• extra time, 150% • special seating/

grouping

• extra time, 150% • special seating/

grouping

• extra time, 150% • special seating/

grouping

• extra time, 150% • special seating/

grouping

Bundling Supports Typically, once the needed presentation, interaction and navigation, or response supports have been

identified, some form of support for general test conditions should be bundled with them to enable

the testing session to work properly and securely. Questions to ask when considering which supports

to bundle include, but are not limited, to:

• Will the student also need extra time if this support is used?

• Will the student also need an individual test administration if this support is used?

• Will the student also need a small group or special seating if this support is used?

• Will the student also need specially planned and secured breaks?

Think through the whole test experience for the student. Plan for what will be needed while being

careful to avoid too many supports. Seek just those few personalized supports that work for the

individual student.

Figure 7 (continued )

24

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

How to Create an Online PNP for ACT Aspire TestingThe local PNP illustrated in figure 7 contains the information that will be used for data entry in the

online PNP process for ACT Aspire testing. It also represents an enduring record for local reference.

The local PNP should be reviewed and updated each year, as the student’s needs develop and change

over time.

The entry of local PNP information into the online student portal must be completed to ensure

critical supports are made active within the computer system so that the student can use them.

Correctly inputted information also allows room supervisors to produce a report listing exactly

which students are using which supports during a given test session—a great help in supervising a

test session. The online PNP portal also helps to support the collection of data about accessibility

supports.

Which students must have an online PNP? Only those students who use Open Access or

accommodation-level supports require an online PNP. Default embedded-level supports are not

recorded in the online portal.

Who enters the PNP into the online student data portal? This role is locally assigned. This

role is usually best filled by someone who uses the portal frequently and is comfortable with the

data entry process. Training for using this portal and editing information there is available at the

AR Avocet website. The person who enters the PNP data online must be able to communicate with

the local educators who have put together this information and who know the student best.

The ACT Aspire Portal PNP PageOrganizationThe data entry menus are organized by access points: Presentation Supports, Interaction and

Navigation Supports, Response Supports, and General Test Condition Supports. This structure

is illustrated in table 9. It is the same structure used in the local PNP illustrated in figure 7 and

throughout this guide.

Accessibility supports are entered in the online PNP by category for the whole test system, not

separately for each content area test. For example, if the student is using magnification for Reading,

English, and Writing tests, this feature will only be selected once to cover all three areas. Features

selected here will be activated only for those content areas where they do not violate the skills tested.

If an accessibility support is not permitted to be used in a specific content area test, then, for that

test session only, the online system will not activate the feature. That feature also may not be locally

provided for that content area test.

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

25

Table 9. Available Menus on the ACT Aspire Portal Personal Needs Profile Page

Menu Action in TestNav

Presentation Supports Considering the student’s needs across all content areas, select from menu of Presentation supports.

Interaction and Navigation Supports

Considering the student’s needs across all content areas, select from menu of Interaction and Navigation supports.

Response Supports Considering the student’s needs across all content areas, select from menu of Response supports.

General Test Condition Supports Considering the student’s needs across all content areas, select from menu of General Test Condition supports.

Completing the Online PNPTo complete the online PNP, load the PNP form in the ACT Aspire Portal (see figure 8), then follow

these steps:

1. Choose the method by which this student’s responses will be submitted for scoring purposes:

“CBT (Online) Form” or “Paper Form.”

2. Use the appropriate accessibility features chart to identify the supports to be used by the student

who will be submitting test responses.

Note: Only enter accommodation and Open Access level supports. Embedded supports are already

available and may be provided as needed to all students either locally or via the online platform.

Changing a PNP That Has Already Been EnteredTo change or edit a PNP after data entry:

1. Remove the student from all test sessions to which he or she has already been assigned. To view

the test sessions the student has been assigned to, click the “Test Sessions” tab on the Student

Profile page.

2. Change the PNP data as needed.

3. Add the student back into the appropriate test sessions.

26

CHOOSING APPROPRIATE SUPPORTS FOR TESTING

Figure 8. Screenshots of a sample online PNP form. Accessibility support categories in the form are Presentation, Interaction and Navigation, Response, and General Test Conditions—as they are in this guide.

27

Administration Procedures for Accessibility SupportsBefore the Test Session

Reading Test Directions Aloud to StudentsThere are two kinds of test directions:

• Common instructions are read aloud to all students before all tests.

• Specific instructions are read for each content area and grade level of a test session.

All test directions are printed in English in the appropriate AR Room Supervisor Manual. All test

directions are read aloud to all students in English by the room supervisor before the test session

begins. The room supervisor may clarify or answer questions about the directions but may not

answer questions about any test item. See the AR Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative

Testing, or AR Room Supervisor Manual: Online Summative Testing for details regarding the

standard reading of test directions.

Test Directions in languages Other Than EnglishSpanish language test directions for the online summative test are available in digital audio in the

“Spanish Language CBT Forms Test Directions—Audio Files” section of the AR Avocet website. A

district that wishes to give this to a student must visit the website prior to testing and download the

appropriate language files to a second secure device, secure thumb drive, or burn to a CD. Spanish

directions may also be orally translated by a personal reader for the paper form.

It is also acceptable to have the standard English test directions translated into languages other

than Spanish; however, all locally provided translation of directions must be prepared in writing

ahead of time and based as precisely as possible on the exact standard English directions. Slight

adaptations may be used as necessary to communicate the same meaning as that found in the

standard form; however, the instructions for reading the directions are the same as those for

English administrations. See the appropriate AR Room Supervisor Manual for details regarding the

standard reading of test directions.

The ADE will allow Arkansas schools the option of translating the English test directions into

another language. This is a local decision and the district will be responsible for contracting and

28

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

funding the written translation of directions to be given to the student. Contracted translators must

be certified in the target language and proficient in English. Districts are responsible for ensuring

the translation communicates the same meaning as that found in the standard form and must keep

all documentation related to the qualifications of the translator. The ADE will not allow the use of

electronic translators, either external or web-based.

Anyone delivering a live translation has to read from a prepared script.

Pre-recorded audio Spanish test directions are not available inside the secure test environment. The

pre-recorded audio Spanish test directions are provided as MP4 files on the AR Avocet website and

must be played prior to testing for the student to help him or her become familiar with the testing

process. If a teacher wishes to load the file on a separate computer and play the Spanish audio

directions for a group of students over a speaker, it is necessary to ensure that the group contains

only students all taking the same grade-level content area test. Directions will differ between grade

levels and content areas.

Inside the actual secured test environment, only the printed versions of Spanish (and English)

general directions are available. These are provided in a separate (clickable) labeled tab for each

language and can be viewed at the beginning of the test if selected by the student.

Test directions may also be locally provided in American Sign Language or Signed Exact English. For

detailed information about the use of sign language with ACT Aspire tests, including preparation and

delivery of test directions, see appendix C.

During the Test Session

Presentation SupportsText-to-Speech (TTS English Audio)*

• Online summative testing

• Includes 300% extra time for summative testing only – automatically assigned

Text-to-Speech (TTS English Audio + Orienting Description)*

• Online summative testing

• Includes 300% extra time for summative testing only – automatically assigned

Human Reader (English Audio)

• Available for paper summative testing only.

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended for this paper form test support but is not

automatically assigned. Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not

required to sit for the entire extended time period.

Human Reader (English Audio + Orienting Description)

• Available for paper summative testing only.

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended with this paper form test support but is not

automatically assigned. Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not

required to sit for the entire extended time period.

* The highlighter tool is not available to students taking the TTS form, however, the words will be highlighted as they are being read to the student.

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

29

Translated Test Directions

• Spanish language test directions (North American Spanish) recorded by a human speaker

are available for all grades of online summative testing. These directions may be used prior to

starting the test and are available in the “Spanish Language CBT Forms Test Directions—Audio

Files” section of the AR Avocet website.

• Languages other than Spanish: Test directions support may be provided by a room

supervisor locally in languages as needed by students (see “Before the Test Session”)

~ It is acceptable to have the standard English test directions translated into languages other

than Spanish; however, all locally provided translation of directions must be prepared

in writing ahead of time and based as precisely as possible on the exact standard English

directions. Slight adaptations may be used as necessary to communicate the same meaning as

that found in the standard form; however, the same instructions for reading the directions are

the same as those for English administrations.

~ The ADE will allow Arkansas schools the option of translating the English test directions into

another language. This is a local decision and the district will be responsible for contracting

and funding the written translation of directions to be given to the student. Contracted

translators must be certified in the target language and proficient in English. Districts are

responsible for ensuring the translation communicates the same meaning as that found in the

standard form and must keep all documentation related to the qualifications of the translator.

The ADE will not allow the use of electronic translators, either external or web-based.

~ Anyone delivering a live translation has to read from a prepared script.

• All student responses must be in English.

Word-to-Word Dictionary

• Mathematics, Science, and Writing tests only

• Only ACT Aspire-approved non-electronic word-to-word translation dictionaries are allowed.

See appendix D for a list of approved dictionaries. (Appendix D also includes best-practice advice

regarding who should use this form of linguistic support.)

• Extra time is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically assigned. Extra

time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire

extended time period.

American Sign Language (ASL) Test Directions

• All grades and content areas

• Summative tests: All forms

• Online summative testing: May be locally provided (see AR Room Supervisor Manual: Online

Summative Testing)

• Paper summative testing: Locally provided for use in conjunction with paper directions (see

AR Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative Testing)

• Required: A trained interpreter fluent in ASL and able to securely review required

implementation procedures in appendix C and prepare prior to test administration.

30

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

ASL Test Items

• All grades

• Mathematics, Science, and Writing tests only

• Paper summative testing only

• Procedure: Test interpreter, upon request of student, carefully translates into ASL all text or

problematic words based on the text presented in the paper summative form.

• Graphics and images may not be described, but all text labels inside graphics may be translated

as needed.

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically assigned.

Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire

extended time period.

• This support is most effectively used with a paper summative test, but it may be used with

the online test if the procedures in appendix C are followed. It may not be used with online

summative testing.

• All student responses must be in English.

• Required: A trained interpreter fluent in ASL and able to securely review required

implementation procedures in appendix C and prepare prior to test administration.

• No prep notes or test materials may be taken from the secure preparation room prior to testing.

Signed Exact English (SEE) Test Directions

• All grades and content areas

• Mouth-speak may be used.

• Required: A trained interpreter fluent in SEE and able to securely review and prepare prior to the

time of the actual test administration.

• Online summative testing: May be locally provided (see AR Room Supervisor Manual: Online

Summative Testing)

• Paper summative testing: Locally provided for use in conjunction with paper directions (see

AR Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative Testing)

• Required: A trained interpreter fluent in SEE and able to securely review required

implementation procedures in appendix C and prepare prior to test administration.

SEE Test Items

• All grades

• Mathematics, Science, and Writing tests only

• Procedure: Test interpreter, upon request of student, carefully translates into SEE all text or

problematic words based on the text presented in the paper summative form.

• Graphics and images may not be described, but all text labels inside graphics may be translated

as needed.

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically assigned.

Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire

extended time period.

• This support is most effectively used with paper summative testing. The procedures in appendix C

must be followed.

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

31

• Unavailable for online summative testing

• All student responses must be in English.

• Required: A trained interpreter fluent in SEE and able to securely review required

implementation procedures in appendix C and prepare prior to test administration.

• No prep notes or test materials may be taken from the secure preparation room prior to testing.

Braille and Tactile Graphics Ordering

• Order as early as possible prior to test administration. Allow time for shipping.

• Summative testing:

~ Braille order is automatically completed upon entering PNP information into the online

portal (before assigning the student to a test session).

~ American Edition (EBAE) and Unified English Braille (UEB) are available for summative

testing.

~ If ordering late in the testing window, complete the student’s PNP and call 888.802.7502

or email [emailprotected]. For late orders, delivery will depend

upon available supplies and time remaining in the test window.

~ The braille test packet for summative testing includes a braille test booklet for the student

and a companion standard test book. Braille is available in stand-alone paper form only for

summative testing.

Administration

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically

assigned unless braille is being used with online audio. Extra time must be manually selected in

the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire extended time period.

• Braille notes for use by the room supervisor are provided online for download in the

“Accessibility & Accommodations” section of the AR Avocet website.

• Summative test answer choices. If you are working with a blind student who is listening to

the audio version of the test with the TTS voice, you may notice that the screen will show answer

options labeled A–E. However, the audio, braille, and paper forms will all show answer choices

with alternating labels A–E and F–K. Although this may seem confusing for the proctor, the

student is hearing and feeling the same answer option labels.

• Response support is necessary for braille tests; it must be manually selected in the PNP. The

student will need an assigned proctor or other certified staff to transcribe responses exactly as

provided by the student (using the selected response support) into the standard answer format

(paper or online) for scoring purposes. Original student work must also be returned with the

transcribed answers.

Large Print

• Summative testing only

• Paper version available in 18-point font

32

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

Ordering

• Order as early as possible prior to test administration. Allow time for shipping.

• Large print order is automatically completed upon entering PNP information into the online

portal and placing the student in a paper session prior to the deadline.

Administration

• Extra time of 200% is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically assigned.

Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire

extended time period.

• Response support may be needed. See “Respond in Test Booklet or on Separate Paper,” for

example.

Line Reader/Line Reader Mask

• Visual tracking support tool for reading

• Online testing: Available

• Paper testing: Locally provided manual tracking device (e.g., plain index card)

Color Contrast* or Color Overlay

• A set of preset text and background color combinations

• A locally provided color overlay using a pastel acetate sheet may be placed over the paper test

booklet and/or answer document and/or user computer monitor.

• Color contrast tool is now available in the online summative platform.*

Browser Zoom Magnification

• Online only

• Integrated part of the local computer browser. User enters keystroke “Control +” (or “Command +”

on an Apple computer) to enlarge everything on page, “Control –” (“Command –”) to reduce size of

everything on page, and ”Control 0” (“Command 0”) to return to the default font and graphic size.

• Because the browser zoom enlarges both text and graphics, it may cause reflowing of page

content.

• Extra time may be needed for students with very low vision.

• Use of this support requires sufficient manual dexterity and range to hold down two separate keys

at the same time.

Magnifier Tool*

• Online testing: A movable “magnifying glass” tool that enlarges a small part of the screen.

~ Unlike browser zoom magnification, does not cause a reflow of the page content

~ Lower magnifying power than browser zoom

• Paper testing: Locally provided handheld magnification tool

• Online or paper: Locally provided digital scanning magnification device can be used to produce

extremely large magnification. There are some restrictions to use of this tool:

* See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

33

~ Other forms of magnification, such as the online magnifier tool and browser zoom

enlargement should be considered first.

~ If the student still needs a local magnification solution that requires some form of digital

projection, then any and all associated electronic files related to enlargement must be

destroyed immediately after the test is completed and the student’s responses are recorded.

Original student responses must be printed if possible and returned in addition to any

transcribed student responses submitted for scoring. No copies of any test material may

be retained.

• Magnifier tool enlarges everything (text and graphics) under the selected area of the magnifying

glass.

• Extra time may be needed with this support.

Interaction and Navigation SupportsAbacus

• Locally provided tactile form of scratch paper for students with very low or no usable vision

• Extra time may be needed with this support.

Answer Masking*

• Tool that supports memory and focus and helps students eliminate distractions with selected-

response questions. Controlled by a mouse click (or selection) response. Once an answer is

masked, it cannot be seen unless it is clicked again to unmask it.

• Online testing: Student may use masking tool to cover up or reveal selected-response answer

options.

• Paper testing: Student may use pencil to cross out selected-response answer options.

• Typically not used for constructed responses.

Answer Eliminator: Embedded

• Online only

• Student may place a wide red X over an answer to eliminate it from consideration.

• Unlike the answer masking tool, the red X does not prevent the user from reading what is

underneath.

Highlighting

• Summative testing*

• Paper summative testing: Locally provided highlighters may be used directly in paper test

booklet.

~ Caution! Highlighters may not be used on any paper answer document or answer space—

this may interfere with scoring.

Browser Copy and Paste Functions

• Windows keystrokes: “Control-C” (copy) and “Control-V” (paste)

• Apple keystrokes: “Command-C” (copy) and “Command-V” (paste)

• Use of this support requires sufficient manual dexterity and range to hold down two separate keys

at the same time.

* See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

34

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

Scratch Paper

• Online testing: All students receive one page of scratch paper.

• Paper testing: Students do most figuring or other scratch work inside the test booklet.

• Scratch paper in addition to the default is allowed as needed by any student.

• Any size or color of locally provided plain, lined, graph, or raised-line graph paper (not otherwise

marked) may be used.

• Room supervisor must tell student to write first and last name, school name, subject he or she is

currently testing, and school grade at the top of the sheet unless the student authorization ticket

is used as scratch paper.

• Each sheet of used scratch paper must include the following information:

~ student name

~ student grade

~ school name

~ content area tested

• All scratch paper must be securely destroyed immediately after testing.

• Augmentative or assistive communication (AAC) devices (such as a braille note taker) are also

permitted to do figuring if needed but must be selected in the PNP as “Response Supports.”

~ Printouts of student responses must be considered to be original student work and therefore

secure test material. Such printouts must be returned with non-scorable materials.

Calculator

• Grades 6–EHS Mathematics only

• May include accessible talking, braille, or large-key calculators; however, all calculators must

meet requirements of permitted calculator types as described in the “Use of Calculators on ACT

Aspire” section in the AR Test Coordinator Manual.

• Extra time may be needed when using some specialized accessible calculators.

Response SupportsStudents’ answers must be submitted for scoring within the platform or delivery format for which

they are officially registered. This means that if a student is registered in an online test session, then

all responses must be returned for purposes of scoring in that online platform. This is true even if

the student has provided his or her original responses on a separate piece of paper with the Respond

in Test Booklet or on Separate Paper support. In such a case, the room supervisor or proctor must

transcribe the student’s original responses on paper into the online platform and to return the

student’s original paper work with other unscored materials. Similar requirements apply for paper

testing. For more information on returning materials after testing, see “After the Test Session.”

Respond in Test Booklet or on Separate Paper

• Student responds directly in test booklet or large print test booklet (common for students with

low motor control or very low vision) or separate plain sheet of paper (common for students who

have limited motor control but are able to write responses on very large or other special paper)

• Extra time is recommended with this support.

• Once testing is completed, these ‘test booklet or separate paper’ responses are treated as original

student work and as secure test material. They must be returned after testing. See section: After

the Test in this guide for details.

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

35

Dictate Responses

• One-to-one individualized administration required

• Student dictates response and a trained, licensed educator or an educator holding AQT status

scribes response exactly as dictated. Includes:

~ spoken dictation

~ use of AAC device to dictate responses without voicing (including braille note taking)

~ word-predicting AAC devices, if the student independently selects the appropriate word

(Spelling and grammar check must be turned off. Use of this response support requires use of

the specific transcribing procedure. See appendix B for details.)

• See appendix B for scribing procedures with all tests as well as cautionary advice.

• Extra time of 300% is strongly recommended with this support but is not automatically assigned.

Extra time must be manually selected in the PNP. Students are not required to sit for the entire

extended time period.

• Return of any original student responses is required – See: After the Test in this guide.

Keyboard or AAC Plus Local Print

• Full physical keyboard response input with local printout, either via local word processing

software or through local AAC device.

• Specific transcribing procedure required. Room supervisor must return original student work.

• Word spelling provided with no definitions, no pictures, no synonyms or word tense forms.

• Other spelling and grammar check functions must be turned off.

• Word-predicting AAC devices may be used if the student independently selects the appropriate

word.

• Extra time should be provided with this support.

Mark Item for Review

• Allows student to mark an item for later review as he or she continues ahead with the test,

planning to return later to work again on those items

• This is a default embedded system tool available to all users of ACT Aspire.

General Test Conditions SupportsNote: ADE policy defines a "small group" to be:

• 5 or fewer for any small group receiving human reader

• Any number that is smaller than the students' usual class size for those not receiving human

reader

Extra Time

• Test coordinator or designee specifies extra time, and room supervisor provides appropriate

supervision for the amount of extra time needed.

• Students are not required to sit for the entire extended time period.

• Before testing, a decision must be made regarding how much extra time a student will need.

Standard time limits for ACT Aspire tests are determined using prior performance data with the

goal of ensuring that at least 90% of participating students have enough time to finish within the

standard time allowed.

36

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

• Local staff must plan in advance a suitable location, appropriate staff supervision, and test

security for those students who will need extra time.

• Students with the extra time accommodation should be tested either individually or in a group

with other students receiving the same amount of extra time.

• Extra time is expressed in terms of percent of time above and beyond standard allowable time

(150% standard time, 200% standard time, etc.). If a student normally receives double the

normal testing time, then extra time for a 40-minute test would be 40 minutes × 2 (200%), or

80 minutes. The online PNP allows the selection of extra time in the following increments of

standard time:

~ 150%

~ 200%

~ 250%

~ 300%

~ 400%

• Breaks—Supervised within Each Day

• Test administrator or room supervisor stops the clock (paper) or pauses the test on the student’s

screen (online) to provide short, supervised, same-day breaks as needed. Using this support, the

student still completes the entire test session within one day.

• During a break, test materials must be properly secured and individual student supervision must

be provided. Students may not interact with other students or any academic information or

materials during the break.

• For online testing, see the AR Avocet website for detailed information about how to restart a test

session student after a break.

• Extra time may be needed with this support.

Special Seating/Grouping

• Locally provided special or preferential seating or grouping

• Each testing group must have students in the same grade, take the same test, and share the

same time constraints. The recommended small group size is six students or less to minimize

disruption to students working at a different pace, but a larger group size may be determined

locally, as appropriate to the situation.

• Appropriate security and test supervision must be provided.

Location for Movement

• Location provided so student is able to move, stand, or pace during test in a manner where others’

work cannot be seen and student is not distracting to others

Individual Administration

• Individual test administration

Home Administration

• Administration at home for homebound student or in a care facility when medically necessary

with appropriate supervision by test site or district personnel

• Arkansas policy requires that TWO certified, trained test administrators be present to test a

student at home.

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES FOR ACCESSIBIlITy SUPPORTS

37

• Requires a paper test and prior approval by the ADE using the Special Accommodation Request

Form.

• Requires secure handling of test materials by school personnel only—not parents, guardians,

relatives, or family friends.

Other Setting

• Test administered and supervised in setting identified on student’s accommodations plan

Audio Environment

• Locally provided modified acoustic/auditory environment (e.g., student whisper phone,

classroom FM system, local acoustic enhancements, or noise-quieting headphones to screen out

auditory distractions)

• Personal mobile devices to provide background music are not allowed. If the school provides a

known and controlled form of background music or white noise, this may be used if it does not

permit the student to access any other resources during test administration.

Visual Environment

• Locally provided modified visual/lighting environment (e.g., special room lighting, light box

under paper test, study carrel to screen out visual distractions)

• General preparation of a classroom to remove academic material from walls and desks is a

general test preparation procedure, not a visual environment support.

Physical/Motor Equipment

• Locally provided personalized adaptive furniture; balance or positioning equipment to support

student physical interaction, enhance motor control during testing, and/or reduce fatigue; or

equipment to provide fine motor interaction support (e.g., large grip pencil, adaptive keyboard)

• AAC devices or procedures are not included as physical/motor equipment supports.

• Motor/physical prompting of any kind is not included as a physical/motor equipment support.

38

After Each Test

Transcribe Original Student Responses for ScoringAny time a student provides a response in a format other than a standard paper answer document

or within the standard online platform, the response must be copied (transcribed) exactly as it was

originally provided by the student into one of the standard answer formats. This transcription is how

it will be submitted for scoring purposes—the original student work cannot be scored in its original

form. The following supports will (or may) result in a need for transcription:

• Dictate Responses/Scribing

• Keyboard or AAC and Local Print

• Magnifier Tool (when locally provided digital scanning enlargement is used)

• Respond in Test Booklet or on Separate Paper

Return Original Student Work with TranscriptionsAll original student work must be returned with the nonscorable materials. See return shipping

instructions in the AR Test Coordinator Manual. Student work will be stored securely for official

reference if needed.

39

Appendix A: Personal Needs Profile (PNP) Student-Level Worksheet

Student: ____________________________________ Age: ___ Grade: ____ Today’s Date: ________

1. Describe Sensory and Communication Strengths and Challenges

Review and consider recent student performance, evaluations, and observational evidence, and then document

sensory and communication skills that best describe the skill level of this student.

Sensory and Communication Skills

Visual AuditoryPhysical or

motor

First language

(ELL)

Reading or other

language process

Attention, memory, or

focus

STRENGTHEvidence suggests this skill set is a strength.

NORMAL LIMITSEvidence suggests this skill set is available within normal limits.

CHALLENGEEvidence suggests this skill set is a significant challenge.

Describe how this challenge creates a barrier to independent engagement or performance.

English Language Arts and Reading

Writing

Mathematics

Science

40

2. Chart the PNP Summary for Testing Situations

For each challenge identified in step 1, decide if it applies to the specific part of the test experience listed in step 2.

For each relevant access point and content area, specify the student accessibility need in terms of an observed

alternate identified strength or available skill that allows the student to work around and compensate for a challenge

or barrier.

Then consult the ACT Aspire Accessibility Supports list for matching supports or supports consistent with this

purpose. Identify supports for the test format (online or paper) in which the student will be submitting

all test responses.

If the challenge does not apply in a given instance, then leave the cell blank. Blank cells represent standard

accessibility needs shared by typical learners. For these access points, the student will use only the default embedded

accessibility tools.

Access Point Reading or English Writing Mathematics Science

Presentation Note alternate strengths or available skills the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to receiving or perceiving content presentation.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

Interaction and NavigationNote what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to interacting with or navigating content.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

APPENDIx A: PERSONAl NEEDS PROFIlE (PNP) STUDENT-lEVEl wORKSHEET

41

APPENDIx A: PERSONAl NEEDS PROFIlE (PNP) STUDENT-lEVEl wORKSHEET

Access Point Reading or English Writing Mathematics Science

Response Note what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to responding to content tasks, problems, or questions.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

General Test ConditionsNote what alternate strength or available skill the student has used successfully to compensate for this barrier to general performance task settings, test environments, or timed situations.

Alternate Strength

Accessibility Support

42

APPENDIx A: PERSONAl NEEDS PROFIlE (PNP) STUDENT-lEVEl wORKSHEET

Accessibility Supports: Online versus PaperUse table A1 to help identify the appropriate accessibility supports for each student based on the test

delivery method. (For permitted content areas, see Summative Testing Support tables 1–8 in this

guide.) To use the table, follow these steps:

1. Identify how the student’s responses will be submitted for scoring purposes.

2. Select the needed supports from the appropriate response format column.

Supports that are not yet available in one platform but are in another are left blank. Some supports

are not permitted to be used for specific content area tests. For information about implementing

the supports, see the full accessibility features chart for content area detail and the “Administration

Procedures for Accessibility Supports” section of this guide.

Table A1. Accessibility Supports Allowable by Format

OnlineType of Support Paper

Type of Support

Presentation Supports

Text-to-Speech (TTS English Audio) A Human Reader (English Audio) A

Text-to-Speech (TTS English Audio + Orienting Description) A Human Reader (English Audio + Orienting

Description) A

Translated Test Directions A Translated Test Directions A

word-to-word Dictionary A word-to-word Dictionary A

American Sign language (ASl) Test Directions A

ASl Test Items A

Signed Exact English (SEE) Test Directions A

SEE Test Items A

Cued Speech A Cued Speech A

Braille, with Tactile Graphics—No TTS Audio A Braille—Contracted (with Tactile Graphics) A

Braille, Uncontracted, with Tactile Graphics—No TTS Audio A Braille—Uncontracted (with Tactile

Graphics) A

large Print O

Magnifier Tool O* Magnifier Tool O*

line Reader Mask O line Reader O

Color Overlay

Browser Zoom Magnification E

* See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

APPENDIx A: PERSONAl NEEDS PROFIlE (PNP) STUDENT-lEVEl wORKSHEET

43

OnlineType of Support Paper

Type of Support

Interaction and Navigation Supports

Abacus A Abacus A

Answer Masking O* Answer Masking O*

Answer Eliminator E Answer Eliminator E1

Highlighter E1

Browser Cut, Copy, and Paste E

Scratch Paper E Scratch Paper E1

Calculator E Calculator E1

Response Supports

Respond on Separate Paper O Respond in Test Booklet or On Separate Paper O

Dictate Responses O Dictate Responses O

Keyboard or AAC + local Print O Keyboard or AAC + local Print O

Mark Item for Review E

General Test Conditions

Extra Time A Extra Time A

Breaks: Supervised within Each Day O Breaks: Supervised within Each Day O

Special Seating/Grouping O Special Seating/Grouping O

location for Movement O location for Movement O

Individual Administration O Individual Administration O

Home Administration O

Other Setting O Other Setting O

Audio Environment O Audio Environment O

Visual Environment O Visual Environment O

Physical/Motor Equipment O Physical/Motor Equipment O

Note: E = embedded system tool, O = Open Access tool, A = accommodation.1 E Support types (Embedded) are not listed in the online PNP but should be locally noted in the student PNP for planning purposes.

Table A1 (continued )

* See Special Update on page v for important detail on how this tool works.

44

APPENDIx B: GENERAl RESPONSE DICTATION AND SCRIBING PROCEDURES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Appendix B: General Response Dictation and Scribing Procedures – Summative Testing

Note: ADE requires that room supervisors sign and file locally the ADE Security Affidavit Form for

Providing Accommodations for anyone who is:

• scribing or transcribing support (described in appendix B)

• providing any form of manual sign support (described in appendix C)

• providing human reader support (described in appendix E)

The ADE Security Affidavit is provided on the last page of this guide.

Characteristics of Dictate Response Users• students with physical disabilities that impede the motor process of writing

• students who have a reduced ability to write due to pain, paralysis, loss of function or loss of

endurance, or who have had a recent injury (such as a broken hand or arm)

• students whose handwriting is indecipherable, resulting in illegible written products (scribbling)

• students who can write but have a documented disability in the area of written expression that

results in a significant interference with their ability to express their knowledge in writing

Definition of Dictate ResponsesIn ACT Aspire, dictation is the alternate communication produced by a student to create a written

English message or to provide a written English response to a question (as in a test situation), when

the act of writing by hand or by keyboard is not reasonably possible. In every instance of dictation,

it is mandatory that the student have authorship control over both the language conventions used

and the substance of the communication: the student must be the sole author of the communication.

A designated responsible scribe transfers (“scribes”) the student’s communication into the written

form exactly as originally communicated by the author. Languages other than English are not

permitted. English braille is permitted.

The dictation accommodation allows students with identified need a way to access the ACT Aspire

summative assessment through:

• dictation of verbal responses to a human scribe

• dictation to scribe through gesturing, pointing, or eye-gazing to a communication board or other

specific communication target

• dictation of response to a recording device or other augmentative/assistive communication device

• dictation through an American or English brailling device with scribe transcription to appropriate

answer space

• dictation of responses using a speech-to-text device or application

Additional Requirements for Dictation• Dictation (Open Access support) must be provided in an individual administration.

• Extra time (accommodation-level support) is recommended for completing dictation.

APPENDIx B: GENERAl RESPONSE DICTATION AND SCRIBING PROCEDURES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

45

ScribesIn ACT Aspire, a scribe is a certified educational staff member who records precisely and exactly

what a student dictates. Only a trained, licensed educator or an educator holding AQT status may

provide this scribing support. The proper use of the dictation/scribing procedure will not invalidate

constructs measured on the ACT Aspire assessments.

The scribe should:

• assist the student in accessing the test and responding to it

• be as familiar as possible with the method of dictation the student typically uses for instruction

and assessments

• repeat test or task directions to the student as needed

• produce legible text so that the written portion of the test can be scored

The scribe may not:

• alert the student to mistakes during testing

• prompt the student in any way that would result in a better response or essay

• answer student questions about the test material

• influence the student’s response in any way

Procedures for Response Dictation and Scribing2

Selected ResponseFor selected-response questions, the scribe should confirm the student’s response before recording

the student’s answer on the paper answer document or within the online answer space. This must be

a consistent action for every item.

Constructed ResponseFor constructed-response questions, the scribe should be familiar with the preferred mode of

recording the student’s response before the date of the test. For all tests except Writing, the student

simply provides his or her response through his or her normal communication medium for exact

transcription by the scribe to record as given. Students are not required to specify exact spelling or

punctuation.

A student using dictation must be given the same opportunity as other students to plan, draft, and

revise the constructed response. The scribe’s responsibility is to be both accurate and fair, neither

diminishing the fluency of the student’s response nor helping to improve or alter what the student

asks to be recorded. This means that the scribe may, if provided specific direction and dictation by

the student, scribe an outline or other writing plan. The scribe may not prompt or cue the student to

conduct this step.

2 Portions of the material in this section are based on CAST, “Response to the PARCC Writing Accommodations Draft Policy,” February 20, 2013, www.cast.org/publications/statements/PARCC_Writing/index.html.

46

APPENDIx B: GENERAl RESPONSE DICTATION AND SCRIBING PROCEDURES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

When the student’s constructed response is complete, the scribe should confirm the student’s

response in the same way that selected-response answers are confirmed before recording in final

form. The scribe shall write the words of the student exactly as dictated, including all spelling and

language conventions indicated, if any, by the student.

The writing TestWherever possible, it is preferable for students to produce their responses to the Writing test on

paper, word processor, or by another writing communication device that better supports student

independence. Scribing the Writing test is considered to be a support of last resort; it should only be

used when there is no other option for the student to participate in the Writing test. The reason for

this caution is that the procedure necessary to produce a valid and meaningful Writing test response

is difficult for both student and scribe. Individual administration is required and significant extra

time, effort, and endurance is necessary. Indeed, it is common to find that a student with a broken

arm or hand, for example, actually prefers to type with the non-dominant hand rather than undergo

the Writing test protocol, which includes the following exacting requirements:

• The student must spell every word in the response the first time the word is used. Except in

the case of hom*onyms (see next item), the student does not need to spell a word on subsequent

use. *Note: The student may use, if also identified in the PNP as an accommodation, an

Electronic Spell Checker device to support the spelling required on the writing test, as long as the

device meets the required criteria listed in the Accessibility User Guide under “Administration

Procedures for Accessibility Supports” (see Response Supports).

• For hom*onyms and often-confused words such as to, two, and too; there, their, and they’re; or

than and then, the student must spell or select the spelling of the word each time it is used.

If, after careful consideration, it is decided that a student needs to have the Writing test scribed, then

the following procedure should be followed.

Procedure for Scribing the Writing Test1. Allow the student to dictate the entire response without interruption. Do not prompt the student

in any way that would result in a better essay or response.

2. Follow the step relevant to the dictation method used:

~ Verbal Responses; Responses Using Gesturing, Pointing, or Eye-Gazing;

Responses Using AAC Devices; Braille Responses; Audio Recorders: Transcribe

a draft of the student’s response exactly as dictated without including any conventions other

than spelling. Do not allow the student to view this written transcription.

~ Speech-to-Text Software: Read the displayed or printed version transcribed by the

software to the student without vocal inflection to indicate punctuation or alert the student to

possible mistakes. Do not allow the student to view this displayed or printed version.

3. Follow the step relevant to the dictation method used:

~ Verbal Responses; Responses Using Gesturing, Pointing, or Eye-Gazing;

Responses Using AAC Devices; Braille Responses: Read the draft to the student

without vocal inflection to indicate punctuation or alert the student to possible mistakes.

~ Audio recorder: Play back the recording of the student’s response.

~ Speech-to-Text Software: Skip to step 4.

APPENDIx B: GENERAl RESPONSE DICTATION AND SCRIBING PROCEDURES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

47

4. Ask the student to spell each word in the draft of the written response as follows:

~ The student must spell every word in the constructed-response the first time it is used.

Subsequent word use does not need spelling.

~ The student must spell hom*onyms and often-confused words such as to, two, and too; there,

their, and they’re; and then and than each time the word is used.

5. Edit spelling as indicated by the student.

6. Allow the student to view the draft and/or listen as you read the draft of the response without

vocal inflection to alert the student to mistakes.

7. Ask the student to tell you if there are any capital letters or punctuation needed and, if so,

where? Insert these, if indicated, exactly as directed by the student. Then ask the student if any

further edits are needed. (Do not suggest edits.)

8. Edit the final response exactly as indicated by the student.

9. Transfer the final response verbatim onto the student’s answer document.

10. If there is time remaining, allow the student to continue to review and edit the response,

following the process above, or have the student confirm that he or she is done with the

response.

11. After the student is finished or time has ended, whichever occurs first, return all drafts and test

materials to the test administrator for return to ACT Aspire.

48

APPENDIx C: GUIDElINES FOR SIGN lANGUAGE INTERPRETATION – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Appendix C: Guidelines for Sign Language Interpretation – Summative Testing

The following policies should be followed whenever sign interpretation of any part of ACT Aspire

tests is provided. Signing is permitted in American Sign Language (ASL) or Signed Exact English

(SEE), depending on the sign language chosen in the student’s PNP.

Note: ADE requires that room supervisors sign and file locally the ADE Security Affidavit Form for

Providing Accommodations for anyone who is:

• scribing or transcribing support (described in appendix B)

• providing any form of manual sign support (described in appendix C)

• providing human reader support (described in appendix E)

The ADE Security Affidavit is provided on the last page of this guide.

Note: These are temporary procedures. They are designed to maximize the quality of content

delivery and the consistency of test administration from one student to another. Fully standardized

delivery of sign interpretation is forthcoming in a future ACT Aspire update.

Content Available for Signing

Test DirectionsSign interpretation of test directions may be provided for any content area and any grade.

Test QuestionsSign interpretation of test items is permitted for paper tests (print or braille) during the Writing,

Mathematics, and Science tests only.

When Signing Is Permitted during ACT Aspire TestingThe following criteria should be used to determine whether a deaf or hard-of-hearing student should

be tested in either ASL or SEE:

• The student’s primary language is ASL or SEE.

• The student has a history where ASL or SEE is the dominant language of instruction.

• The student knows how to effectively use an ASL or SEE interpreter.

• The student has a way to respond in English, not signing.

Who May Deliver Signed Test InterpretationAll sign interpreters must sign the security agreement at the end of this section.

Test DirectionsLocal interpretation may be provided by a single interpreter. This interpreter may be a local

educator, employed by the district, who is fluent in sign, or the interpreter may be a certified ASL

or SEE interpreter hired for this purpose. The interpreter is expected to partner with the room

supervisor who is simultaneously reading the directions aloud in English.

APPENDIx C: GUIDElINES FOR SIGN lANGUAGE INTERPRETATION – SUMMATIVE TESTING

49

Test QuestionsSigned interpretation of test questions must involve at least one well trained and experienced ASL or

SEE interpreter working with the room supervisor to provide support for consistency and continuity

of interpretation. However, national best practice standards for sign interpretation indicate that for

lengthy interpretation sessions or highly detailed, intensive sessions, two qualified interpreters are

advised, both of whom work with the room supervisor. ACT strongly recommends this practice

where possible.

Student responses may not be interpreted from ASL or SEE or from any other form of sign for the

purpose of recording the student answer. Dictation and scribing are permitted only if the student

responds in the English language, (whether providing a written, oral or an AAC English form of

response), and if response dictation is also recorded in the student’s PNP.

Guidelines for Sign Interpretation• Sign interpreters may not include any relative, guardian, or friend of the student.

• The educational agency where test administration is conducted will be responsible for the

selection of a qualified ASL or SEE interpreter(s) and must arrange as necessary to cover any

expenses incurred in the hiring of these individuals.

• Test-related materials of any kind—including prep notes—may not be removed from the secure

preparation area within the test site prior to testing. After testing, any and all prep notes must be

turned in to the test coordinator and destroyed.

Preparation for Sign Interpretation

Test Directions The staff interpreter(s) may review the standard paper form test directions two to three days

prior to the test in order to plan a signing strategy for delivering the general test directions. Test

directions are available online and in the AR Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative Testing.

Interpreters working with students who have deaf-blindness and will be planning and providing

tactile sign support should, two to three days prior to the day of testing, review the braille form test

directions that are provided with the braille version of the test. This will require locating the form

that has already been shipped for the student.

Delivery

Test DirectionsThe interpreter, in selecting and providing signs, must stay precisely consistent with the meaning of

the written general directions that are printed on the student booklet. Student questions regarding

directions must be answered in such a way that clarification provided remains within the boundaries

of the original general information provided in the written directions.

Test QuestionsNote: During test administration, the student may prefer to ask for only certain parts of an item to

be interpreted and may not need everything presented in sign. Make this determination as soon as

possible before testing.

50

APPENDIx C: GUIDElINES FOR SIGN lANGUAGE INTERPRETATION – SUMMATIVE TESTING

When two staff partners work together, one person signs (interprets) according to the plan notes as

the other staff partner monitors the delivery. As necessary, one interpreter may relieve the other, but

all passage-based item sets must be interpreted by the same person. Any interpreter changes must

occur at natural break points in the flow of the assessment: interpreters must never change within an

item or item set.

Important! All documented notes created and/or used for the signing plan must be destroyed

immediately after the test session.

• Only the actual text or the printed values or labels within an item or within an item’s graphics

may be signed. Graphic representations may not otherwise be interpreted for any student.

• Signs and their associated facial expressions or body postures must be carefully produced so that

the student is never provided any kind of biasing cue or clue to the item.

• Elaboration or clarification of test items is not permitted. Only the communication of the same

information found in the text of the item is permitted. Sign interpretation may only convey the

specific content written within the item and no more.

• Mathematical terms for which the sign creates a picture illustrating the concept must be finger-

spelled to avoid giving a visual cue or information that is not provided to other students.

~ Terms that must be finger-spelled include, but are not limited to, parallel lines,

perpendicular, perimeter, circumference, and shape names. If, for some students, finger-

spelling is not useful, the only allowable alternative to finger-spelling such visually rich

mathematical terms would be to simply point to those terms in the test booklet as they come

up instead of signing them. Either way, the student must recognize the word—in finger-

spelled form or in print.

• Interpretations may be repeated, but the interpretation must be done consistently each time.

Required Testing Environment and Other Supports

Group and Individual AdministrationSign interpretation of test directions may be done in a group setting. Interpretation of the full test

(including test items) must be done in an individualized test setting.

Interpreter AppearancePersons serving in the interpreter role should wear simple plain clothing that does not distract

the viewer or interfere with the perception of the intended sign. The interpreter’s hands, facial

expression and body posture must be clearly visible to the student. Jewelry can interfere with sign

presentation and should not be worn by the sign interpreter. In addition:

• The interpreter should mouth-speak while signing for the student.

• The interpreter’s mouth should not be covered when speaking.

• If the interpreter has a beard or moustache, it should be trimmed so as not to obstruct the

student’s ability to read lips.

• The interpreter must also voice for the partner interpreter what is signed by the student.

• The interpreter should, if needed, remind the student that his or her responses must be given in

English.

APPENDIx C: GUIDElINES FOR SIGN lANGUAGE INTERPRETATION – SUMMATIVE TESTING

51

RoomsLighting should be non-glaring and sufficient to avoid shadowing that could obscure the signs

produced. The position of the sign interpreter should be such that the student has a clear, direct, and

close view of the communication.

Additional SupportsWhen a student needs sign interpretation, consider also the likely need for certain additional

supports that must be planned for and documented in the PNP and on the student’s answer

document. For example:

• Extended time

• Supervised breaks (to switch interpreters during a long or intense test session)

• Small Group Administration or Individual Administration

• Audio Environment (The student should be allowed to use any amplification device the student

typically uses.)

• Visual Environment (Distractions should be limited.)

52

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Appendix D: Approved Bilingual Word-To-Word Dictionaries – Summative Testing

These bilingual word-to-word dictionaries are permitted as appropriate to the student need during

the ACT Aspire Writing, Mathematics, and Science tests only.3 Word-to-word dictionaries may not

be used during the Reading or English tests.

Who Should Use Word-To-Word Linguistic SupportStudents at any grade level who are currently reported as English language learners (ELLs) or have

been reported as ELLs in the past and who are evaluated as able to benefit from the use of word-to-

word dictionaries may use this linguistic support.

In general, students who benefit from this type of accessibility support include those who

demonstrate an intermediate level of English language proficiency or above and have had prior

successful experiences using this type of linguistic support. ELL students at the beginning level of

English language proficiency are not likely to benefit.

Important! No student should experience a new kind of support for the first time during a testing

experience.

Prohibited DictionariesThe use of any dictionary other than those listed in tables D1 and D2 is prohibited on all ACT Aspire

tests, unless approved by ADE. The approved bilingual dictionaries and glossaries listed as are

word-to-word translations only. Electronic translation devices are not allowed. A list of publishers

and distributors (with contact information) appears at the end of this document.

3 ACT is grateful to the staff of the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education who originally compiled this list in the summer of 2012. Their research effort has provided an informative and important support resource for ELL students. Website updates were provided by ACT, January 2014.

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

53

Table D1. Approved Bilingual word-to-word Dictionaries

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/Date

Afrikaans Afrikaans-English/English-Afrikaans Practical Dictionary, Revised and Expanded Edition

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0846-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0846-0

Hippocrene Books (2001)

Albanian Albanian-English/English-Albanian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0419-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0419-6

Hippocrene Books (2006)

Albanian-English/English-Albanian Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7828-0979-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0979-5

Hippocrene Books (2004)

English-Albanian/Albanian-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-49-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-49-5

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

American Sign Language (ASL)

American Sign language Handshape Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-56368-043-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-56368-043-4

Gallaudet University Press (1998)

Amharic Amharic-English/English-Amharic Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0115-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0115-7

Hippocrene Books (1997)

English-Amharic/Amharic-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-59-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-59-4

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

Arabic Elias School Dictionary English-Arabic/ Arabic-English

ISBN-10: 9-7750-2860-4 ISBN-13: 978-9775028600

Elias Modern Publishing House; new ed. (1996)

Arabic-English/English-Arabic Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1045-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1045-6

Hippocrene Books (2004)

Arabic-English/English-Arabic Romanized Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0686-0 ISBN-13: 078-0-7810-6862

Hippocrene Books (1999)

Arabic-English/English-Arabic Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0383-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0383-1

Hippocrene Books (1995)

English-Arabic/Arabic-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-41-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-41-9

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Pocket Arabic Dictionary Arabic-English/English-Arabic

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0183-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0183-6

Tuttle Publishing (2004)

Armenian Armenian-English/English-Armenian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0150-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0150-8

Hippocrene Books (2008)

Azerbaijani Azerbaijani-English/English-Azerbaijani Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0244-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0244-4

Hippocrene Books (1995)

Basque Basque-English/English-Basque Dictionary & Phrasebook

ISBN-10: 0781806224 ISBN-13: 978-0781806220

Hippocrene Books (1998)

Bengali Bengali (Bangla)-English/ English-Bengali (Bangla) Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1270-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1270-2

Hippocrene Books (2011)

English-Bengali/Bengali-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-30-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-30-3

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

English and Bengali Dictionary for the Use of Schools

ISBN-10: 0554553902 ISBN-13: 978-0554553900

James Sykes B., Bibliolife (2008)

Bosnian Bosnian-English/English-Bosnian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0276-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0276-5

Hippocrene Books (1996)

Dictionary: English-Bosnian/Bosnian-English

ISBN-10: 8176500216 ISBN-13: 978-8176500210

Star Publications.; rev. ed. (2003) Star Publications; 1st ed. (July 16, 1999)

Bugotu Bugotu-English/English-Bugotu Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0660-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0660-2

Hippocrene Books (1998)

Bulgarian Bulgarian-English Dictionary (Bulgarian Edition) Bilingual Edition

ISBN-10: 0320047989 ISBN-13: 978-0320047985

French & European Publications; Bilingual ed. (January 2000)

Bulgarian-English/English-Bulgarian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2145-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2145-4

Hippocrene Books (1992)

54

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateBurmese Burmese-English/English-Burmese

DictionaryISBN-10: 1887521585 ISBN-13: 978-1-8875-2158-1

Paiboon Publishing (2009)

English-Burmese/Burmese-English word to word Bilingual® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-50-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-50-1

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

Pocket Burmese Dictionary Burmese-English/English-Burmese

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0573-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0573-5

Tuttle Publishing (2008)

English-Burmese Dictionary ISBN-10: 8120607570 ISBN-13: 978-8120607576

Asian Educational Services; Bilingual ed. (December 1, 1992)

Byelorussian Byelorussian-English/English-Byelorussian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2114-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2114-0

Hippocrene Books (1991)

Cambodian (Khmer)

Cambodian-English/English-Cambodian Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2818-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2818-7

Hippocrene Books (1989)

English-Cambodian/Cambodian-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933149-40-x ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-40-2

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Catalan Catalan-English/English Catalan Hippocrene Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781800994 ISBN-13: 978-0781800990

Hippocrene Books (April 21, 2001)

Chinese Simplified Chinese

Chinese-English/English-Chinese Practical Dictionary (Mandarin)

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1236-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1236-8

Hippocrene Books (2009)

English-Chinese/Chinese-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-22-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-22-8

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

Pocket Mandarin Chinese Dictionary Chinese-English/English-Chinese

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0043-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0043-3

Tuttle Publishing (2002)

Tuttle Pocket Chinese Dictionary Chinese-English/English-Chinese

ISBN-10: 0-8048-3775-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-8048-3775-0

Tuttle Publishing (2011)

A Junior English Chinese Dictionary (Simplified) English-Chinese

ISBN-10: 7100031281 ISBN-13: 978-7100031288

Commercial Press (2000)

Chinese Traditional Chinese

A Practical English-Chinese Pronouncing Dictionary (Romanized Mandarin and Cantonese)

ISBN-10: 0-8048-1877-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-8048-1877-3

Tuttle Publishing (1991)

langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary Chinese

ISBN-10: 1585730572 ISBN-13: 978-1585730575

langenscheidt Publishing Group; Min ed. (February 15, 2001)

Far East New Concise English-Chinese Dictionary

ISBN-10: 9576123445 ISBN-13: 978-9576123443

Far East Book Co (December 31, 1999)

Concise English-Chinese Dictionary Romanized Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0804801177 ISBN-13: 978-0804801171

Tuttle Publishing (December 15, 1989)

Far East Concise Chinese-English Dictionary Chinese-English

ISBN-10: 9576123534 ISBN-13: 978-9576123535

Far East Book Co; 2nd ed. (1998)

Chinese Traditional Chinese

langenscheidt Universal Dictionary Chinese Chinese-English/English-Chinese

ISBN-10: 1585734136 ISBN-13: 978-1585734139

langenscheidt; 2nd ed. (February 1, 2004)

Merriam-webster’s Chinese-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0877798591 ISBN-13: 978-0877798590

Merriam-webster, Inc.; 1st blg ed. (May 1, 2010)

Chinese Cantonese

Pocket Cantonese Dictionary Cantonese-English/English-Cantonese

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0143-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0143-0

Tuttle Publishing (2003)

English-Cantonese Dictionary Cantonese in yale Romanization

ISBN-10: 9622019706 ISBN-13: 978-9622019706

Chinese University Press; 1st Copublished ed. (December 19, 2000)

Table D1 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

55

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateCreole Creole-English/English-Creole

(Caribbean) Concise DictionaryISBN-10: 0-7818-0455-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0455-4

Hippocrene Books (2007)

English-Haitian Creole/Haitian Creole-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-23-x ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-23-5

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

English Haitian Creole/Haitian Creole English word to word® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-58432-294-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-58432-294-8

Educa Vision (2005)

Haitian Creole-English/English-Haitian Creole Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0275-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0275-8

Hippocrene Books (1995)

Croatian langenscheidt Universal Dictionary Croatian: Croatian-English/English-Croatian

ISBN-10: 088729183x ISBN-13: 978-0887291838

langenscheidt Publishing Group; Vinyl ed. (January 1, 1988)

Czech Czech-English/English-Czech Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2981-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-87052-981-1

Hippocrene Books (2009)

Czech-English/English-Czech Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1107-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1107-1

Hippocrene Books (2011)

English-Czech & Czech-English word to word® Dictionary: Suitable for Exams

ISBN-10: 0933146620 ISBN-13: 978-0933146624

Bilingual Dictionaries (June 14, 2013)

Danish Danish-English/English-Danish Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2823-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2823-1

Hippocrene Books (2009)

Dari (Afghanistan) Dari-English/English-Dari Practical Dictionary: 2nd edition

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1284-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1284-9

Hippocrene Books (2012)

Dutch Dutch-English/English-Dutch Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2910-2 ISBN-13: 987-0-8705-2910-8

Hippocrene Books (1990)

Dutch-English/English-Dutch Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0541-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0541-4

Hippocrene Books (1997)

Estonian Estonian-English/English-Estonian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2081-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2081-5

Hippocrene Books (1992)

Farsi/Persian English-Farsi/Farsi-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-33-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-33-4

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Farsi-English/English-Farsi (Persian) Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0860-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0860-6

Hippocrene Books (2003)

Finnish Finnish-English/English-Finnish Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2813-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2813-2

Hippocrene Books (1990)

French French-English/English-French Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781801788 ISBN-13: 978-0781801782

Hippocrene Books; rev. sub. ed. (August 1993)

langenscheidt Universal Dictionary French: French-English/English-French

ISBN-10: 0887291627 ISBN-13: 978-0887291623

langenscheidt Publishing Group (October 1993)

larousse Mini Dictionary: French-English/English-French

ISBN-10: 2035420334 ISBN-13: 978-2035420336

larousse Bilingual/French; Bilingual ed. (April 15, 2002)

English-French/French-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-36-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-36-5

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

English-French/French-English word to word® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-58432-480-5 ISBN-13: 978-1-58432-480-5

Educa Vision (2008)

French Random House webster’s Pocket French Dictionary, French-English/ English-French

ISBN-10: 0-375-70156-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-375-70156-6

Random House (1997)

Fulani Fulani-English Practical Dictionary ISBN-10: 0781804043 ISBN-13: 978-0781804042

Hippocrene Books (October 1995)

Table D1 (continued )

56

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateGaelic (See Scottish Gaelic)Galician Galician-English/English-Galician

(Galego) Concise Dictionary: Northwestern Spain

ISBN-10: 078180776x ISBN-13: 978-0781807760

Hippocrene Books (March 2000)

German German: English-German/German-English Dictionary New Edition

ISBN-10: 0781803551 ISBN-13: 978-0781803557

Hippocrene Books; 3rd ed. (May 1995)

langenscheidt Universal German Dictionary: German-English/English-German

ISBN-10: 0887291228 ISBN-13: 978-0887291227

langenscheidt Publishing Group (January 1, 1999)

English-German/German-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-93-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-93-8

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

German-English/English-German Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0906-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0906-1

Hippocrene Books (1998)

Random House webster’s Pocket German Dictionary, 2nd edition, German-English/English-German

ISBN-10: 0-375-70160-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-375-70160-3

Random House (2006)

Random House webster’s German-English/English-German Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-375-72194-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-375-72194-6

Random House (1997)

21st Century German-English/English-German Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-440-22089-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-440-22089-3

Dell Publishing (1996)

Random House German-English/English-German Dictionary

ISBN-10: 034541439x ISBN-13: 978-0345414397

Ballantine Books; Rei rev. ed. (June 29, 1997)

Greek Greek-English/English-Greek Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1002-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1002-9

Hippocrene Books (2004)

The Oxford New Greek Dictionary Greek-English/English-Greek

ISBN-10: 0-425-22243-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-425-22243-0

Oxford University Press (2008)

word to word® Bilingual Dictionary Greek Edition (Greek-English/English-Greek)

ISBN-10: 0933146604 ISBN-13: 978-0933146600

Bilingual Dictionaries (May 17, 2013)

Gujarati English-Gujarati/Gujarati-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-98-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-98-3

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Haitian Creole (See Creole)Hausa (Nigeria, Niger)

Hausa-English/English-Hausa Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0426-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0426-4

Hippocrene Books (1996)

Hawaiian New Pocket Hawaiian Dictionary ISBN-10: 0824813928 ISBN-13: 978-0824813925

University of Hawaii Press (January 1992)

Hebrew English-Hebrew/Hebrew-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-68-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-58-7

Bilingual Dictionaries (2011)

The New Bantam-Megiddo Hebrew and English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-553-26387-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-5532-6387-9

Bantam Books (2009)

The Compact Up-To-Date English-Hebrew/Hebrew-English/ Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781808758 ISBN-13: 978-0781808750

Shimon Zilberman (January 1, 2001)

Hindi English-Hindi/Hindi-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-31-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-31-0

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Hindi-English/English-Hindi Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0470-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1167-5

Hippocrene Books (2010)

Hindi Hindi-English/English-Hindi Dictionary Hippocrene Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781800846 ISBN-13: 978-0781800846

Hippocrene Books (November 1992)

Hmong English-Hmong/Hmong-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-53-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-53-2

Bilingual Dictionaries (2011)

Table D1 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

57

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateHungarian Hungarian-English/English-Hungarian

Concise DictionaryISBN-10: 0-7818-0317-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0317-5

Hippocrene Books (2005)

Hungarian-English/English-Hungarian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1068-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1068-5

Hippocrene Books (2005)

Icelandic Icelandic-English/English-Icelandic Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2801-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2801-9

Hippocrene Books (1989)

Igbo Igbo-English Dictionary: A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Igbo language, with an English-Igbo Index

ISBN-10: 0300073070 ISBN-13: 978-0300073072

yale University Press; 1st ed. (November 10, 1998)

Indonesian Indonesian-English/English-Indonesian Dictionary Hippocrene Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0870528106 ISBN-13: 978-0870528101

Hippocrene Books (October 1989)

Modern Indonesian-English/English-Indonesian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1235-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1235-1

Hippocrene Books (2010)

Pocket Indonesian Dictionary English-Indonesian/Indonesian-English

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0042-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0042-6

Tuttle Publishing (2002)

Tuttle’s Concise Indonesian Dictionary: English-Indonesian/Indonesian-English

ISBN-10: 0804818649 ISBN-13: 978-0804818643

Tuttle Publishing; rev. ed. (June 15, 1993)

Irish Irish-English/English-Irish Dictionary Hippocrene Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781807778 ISBN-13: 978-0781807777

Hippocrene Books (April 2001)

Irish-English/English-Irish Fast Reference Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1570981841 ISBN-13: 978-1570981845

Roberts Rinehart Publishers (August 1, 1998)

Italian langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary Italian-English/English-Italian

ISBN-10: 1585730394 ISBN-13: 978-1585730391

langenscheidt Publishing Group; Vinyl ed. (August 15, 2000)

Italian-English/English-Italian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781810469 ISBN-13: 978-0781810463

Hippocrene Books; Bilingual ed. (April 2004)

English-Italian/Italian-English Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781803543 ISBN-13: 978-0781803540

Hippocrene Books (May 1995)

langenscheidt Universal Dictionary Italian-English/English-Italian

ISBN-10: 0887291635 ISBN-13: 978-0887291630

langenscheidt Publishing Group (December 1975)

larousse Mini Dictionary: Italian-English/English-Italian

ISBN-10: 2035420377 ISBN-13: 978-2035420374

larousse Bilingual/French; Bilingual ed. (January 13, 2004)

English-Italian/Italian-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-51-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-51-8

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

Random House webster’s Pocket Italian Dictionary, 2nd edition

ISBN-10: 0-375-70159-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-375-70159-7

Random House (1997)

21st Century Dictionary Italian-English/ English-Italian

ISBN-10: 0-4402-2090-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-4402-2090-9

Dell Publishing (1996)

Zaichelli Super-Mini Italian and English Dictionary, English-Italian/Italian-English

ISBN-10: 0-8442-8447-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-8442-8447-7

McGraw Hill Companies (1993)

Japanese Martin’s Concise Japanese Dictionary English-Japanese/Japanese-English

ISBN-10: 0804819122 ISBN-13: 978-0804819121

Tuttle Publishing; Bilingual ed. (January 15, 1994)

Martin’s Pocket Dictionary English-Japanese/Japanese-English

ISBN-10: 0804815887 ISBN-13: 978-0804815888

Tuttle Publishing; Bilingual ed. (December 15, 1990)

Tuttle Concise Japanese Dictionary: Japanese-English/English-Japanese

ISBN-10: 4805308699 ISBN-13: 978-4805308691

Tuttle Publishing; Vinyl-bound paperback ed. (June 15, 2008)

English-Japanese/Japanese-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-42-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-42-6

Bilingual Dictionaries (2009)

Table D1 (continued )

58

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateJapanese Japanese-English/English-Japanese

Concise Dictionary, RomanizedISBN-10: 0-7818-0162-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0162-1

Hippocrene Books (1994)

Random House webster’s Pocket Japanese Dictionary, Japanese-English/ English-Japanese

ISBN-10: 0-679-77373-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-679-77373-3

Random House (1996)

Tuttle Pocket Japanese Dictionary, Japanese-English/English-Japanese

ISBN-10: 4-8053-0870-2 ISBN-13: 978-4-8053-0870-7

Tuttle Publishing (2008)

Kannada English-Kannada Dictionary ISBN-10: 8120600517 ISBN-13: 978-8120600515

Asian Educational Services; 12th Blg ed. (December 15, 1999)

Karen Sgaw Karen Transliteration work list Special Instructions: Download and print the Complete word list. Note: you must remove the first two pages (Basic Expression and Question words): www.drumpublications.org/download/transwordlist1.pdf

English-Karen Drum Publication Group

Khmer (See Cambodian)Korean Concise English-Korean Dictionary:

Romanized English-KoreanISBN-10: 0804801185 ISBN-13: 978-0804801188

Tuttle Publishing; Reissue ed. (December 15, 1989)

langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary Korean-English/English-Korean

ISBN-10: 1585730564 ISBN-13: 978-1585730568

langenscheidt Publishing Group (February 15, 2001)

English-Korean/Korean-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-97-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-97-6

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

English-Korean/Korean-English Dictionary for Foreigners

ISBN-10: 093087806x ISBN-13: 978-0-9308-7806-1

Hollym International Corp. (1991)

Korean-English/English-Korean, Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2092-x ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2092-1

Hippocrene Books (1992)

Pocket Korean Dictionary Korean-English/English-Korean

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0047-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0047-1

Tuttle Publishing (2003)

langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary Korea: Korean-English/English-Korean

ISBN-10: 1585730564 ISBN-13: 978-1585730568

langenscheidt Publishing Group (February 15, 2001)

Kurdish Kurdish-English/English-Kurdish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781802466 ISBN-13: 978-0781802468

Hippocrene Books (August 1, 1994)

English-Kurdish/Kurdish-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 81-7650-078-x ISBN-13: 978-81-7650-078-4

Star Publications (2009)

English-Kurdish/Kurdish-English Sorani Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1843560097 ISBN-13: 978-1843560098

Simon wallenburg Press; 2nd Blg rev. ed. (April 15, 2007)

Lao English-lao/lao-English Dictionary ISBN-10: 0-8048-0909-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-8048-0909-2

Tuttle Publishing (2001)

English-lao/lao-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-54-x ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-54-9

Bilingual Dictionaries (2011)

lao-English/English-lao Dictionary ISBN-10: 1-8875-2127-5 ISBN-13: 978-1-8875-2127-7

Paiboon Publishing (2003)

Latvian latvian-English/English-latvian, Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0059-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0059-4

Hippocrene Books (1993)

Lithuanian lithuanian-English/English-lithuanian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0151-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0151-5

Hippocrene Books (1993)

Maori The Raupo Concise Mãori Dictionary, Mãori-English/English-Mãori

ISBN-10: 0-1435-6792-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-143567-92-9

Raupo Publishing (NZ) ltd. (2012)

The Complete English-Maori Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1869400577 ISBN-13: 978-1869400576

Auckland University Press; 4th ed. (January 1, 2012)

Table D1 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

59

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateMaori The Reed Pocket Dictionary of

Modern Maori Amori-English/English-Maori

ISBN-10: 0790006685 ISBN-13: 978-0790006680

Raupo Publishing (NZ) ltd; rev. ed. (May 23, 2002)

Malay Pocket Malay Dictionary, Malay-English/ English-Malay

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0057-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0057-0

Tuttle Publishing (2002)

Malayalam English Malayalam Dictionary ISBN-10: 8120600673 ISBN-13: 978-8120600676

Asian Educational Services; Bilingual ed. (December 15, 1999)

Mandarin (See Chinese)Marathi Students English-Marathi Dictionary ISBN-10: 8170060575

ISBN-13: 978-8170060574Asian Publication Services (September 1997)

Marshallese Marshallese-English Dictionary ISBN-10: 0824804570 ISBN-13: 978-0824804572

University of Hawaii Press; Paper ed. (October 1, 1976)

Melanesian/ Melanesian Pidgin

Neo-Melanesian (Guinea Pidgin)-English Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0656-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0656-5

Hippocrene Books (1998)

Mongolian Mongolian-English/English-Mongolian Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781809584 ISBN-13: 978-0781809580

Hippocrene Books; Bilingual ed. (August 1, 2002)

Mongolian-English Dictionary ISBN-10: 0710304390 ISBN-13: 978-0710304391

Routledge; 1st ed. (April 15, 1997)

Nahuatl (Mexico) Nahuatl (Aztec)-English/English-Nahuatl (Aztec) Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1011-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1011-1

Hippocrene Books (2004)

Nepali A Concise English-Nepali/Nepali-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0615220525 ISBN-13: 978-0-615-22052-9

Gyan Jyoti Kendra (2009)

A Shorter English-Nepali Dictionary ISBN-10: 81-206-0304-4 ISBN-13: 978-8120603042

Asian Educational Services (1991)

English-Nepal/Nepali-English word to word® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0933146612 ISBN-13: 978-0933146617

Bilingual Dictionaries (November 3, 2012)

Norwegian Norwegian-English/English-Norwegian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0199-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0199-7

Hippocrene Books, New york (1990)

Norwegian-English/English-Norwegian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1106-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1106-4

Hippocrene Books, New york (2011)

Nuer Nuer-English Dictionary ASIN: B0099xR74Q Sudan literature Centre (1999)

Pashto English-Pashto/Pashto-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-34-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-34-1

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Persian (Also See Farsi)

English-Persian Dictionary ISBN-10: 0781800560 ISBN-13: 978-0781800563

Hippocrene Books; 2nd ed. (April 1, 2003)

Pilipino (See Tagalog/Pilipino)Polish English-Polish/Polish-English word to

word® Bilingual DictionaryISBN-10: 0-933146-64-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-64-8

Bilingual Dictionaries (2009)

Polish-English/English-Polish Dictionary (American English Edition)

ISBN 10: 0-7818-1237-2 ISBN 13: 978-0-7818-1237-5

Hippocrene Books (2009)

Polish-English/English-Polish Concise Dictionary with Complete Phonetics

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0133-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0133-1

Hippocrene Books (1993)

Polish-English/English-Polish Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0085-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0085-3

Hippocrene Books (1993)

Polish-English/English-Polish Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781802822 ISBN-13: 978-0781802826

Hippocrene Books; rev. sub. ed. (March 1, 1995)

langenscheidt Universal Polish Dictionary Polish-English/English-Polish

ISBN-10: 1585734144 ISBN-13: 978-1585734146

langenscheidt Publishing Group; 2nd ed. (February 2004)

Portuguese langenscheidt Universal Dictionary Portuguese-English/English-Portuguese

ISBN-10: 0887291643 ISBN-13: 978-0887291647

langenscheidt Publishing Group; Vinyl ed. (June 1985)

Table D1 (continued )

60

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DatePortuguese langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary

PortugueseISBN-10: 0887291104 ISBN-13: 978-0887291104

langenscheidt Publishing Group (January 1, 1989)

English-Portuguese/Portuguese-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-94-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-94-5

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

English-Portuguese/Portuguese-English word to word® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-58432-417-1 ISBN-13: 978-1-58432-417-1

Educa Vision (2007)

Portuguese-English/English-Portuguese Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2980-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2980-1

Hippocrene Books (1991)

Random House webster’s Pocket Portuguese Dictionary, Portuguese-English/English-Portuguese

ISBN-10: 0-679-40060-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-679-40060-8

Random House (1991)

Punjabi (India, Pakistan)

English-Punjabi Dictionary ISBN-10: 8176500127 ISBN-13: 978-8176500128

lahore Book Shop (1999)

English-Punjabi/Punjabi-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-32-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-32-7

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Punjabi-English/English-Punjabi Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0940-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0940-5

Hippocrene Books (2002)

Russian Russian-English/English-Russian Compact Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781805376 ISBN-13: 978-0781805377

Hippocrene Books (June 1997)

langenscheidt Universal Dictionary Russian: Russian-English/English-Russian

ISBN-10: 0887291651 ISBN-13: 978-0887291654

langenscheidt Publishing Group; rev. ed. (August 1993)

English-Russian/Russian-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-92-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-92-1

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Russian-English/English-Russian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0132-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0132-4

Hippocrene Books (1993)

Russian-English/English-Russian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1243-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1243-6

Hippocrene Books (2011)

Scots Scots-English/English-Scots Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0779-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0779-1

Hippocrene Books (1999)

Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic-English/English-Scottish Gaelic Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0316-0 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0316-8

Hippocrene Book (1994)

Serbian Serbian-English/English-Serbian Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0556-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0556-8

Hippocrene Books (1997)

Serbo-Croatian Serbo-Croatian-English/English Serbo-Croatian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781804450 ISBN-13: 978-0781804455

Hippocrene Books; 1st ed. (January 1, 1996)

Sindhi A Dictionary of English and Sindhi ISBN-10: 8120600991 ISBN-13: 978-8120600997

Asian Educational Services (September 15, 1985)

Sinhalese Dictionary Sinhalese-English English-Sinhalese

ISBN-10: 8185243662 ISBN-13: 978-8185243665

I B D ltd.; rev. sub. ed. (June 1992)

Sinhalese-English/English Sinhalese Dictionary

ISBN-10: 8176503185 ISBN-13: 978-8176503181

Star Publications; 2nd rev. ed. (January 1, 2001)

Siswati Concise Siswati Dictionary: Siswati-English

ISBN-10: 0627020976 ISBN-13: 978-0627020971

Pharos Dictionaries (January 5, 1995)

Slovak Slovak-English/English-Slovak Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2115-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-87052-115-7

Hippocrene Books (1992)

Somali English-Somali/Somali-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-52-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-52-5

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

English-Somali/Somali-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1843560070 ISBN-13: 978-1843560074

Simon wallenburg Press; 2nd Blg rev. ed. (March 2, 2007)

Sotho (South Africa)

Popular Northern Sotho Dictionary: N. Sotho-English/English-N. Sotho

ISBN-10: 0627015867 ISBN-13: 978-0627015861

Van Schaik; 2nd ed. (July 1, 1995)

Table D1 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

61

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateSpanish Collins COBUIlD English/Español

Glossary English-Spanish/Spanish-English

ISBN-10: 1-4240-1964-8 ISBN-13: 978-1-4240-1964-9

HarperCollins Publishers (2009)

English-Spanish/Spanish-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-99-x ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-99-0

Bilingual Dictionaries (2010)

English-Spanish/Spanish-English word to word® Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-58432-484-8 ISBN-13: 978-1-58432-484-3

Educa Vision (2008)

Random House webster’s Handy Spanish Dictionary, Spanish-English/ English-Spanish

ISBN-10: 0-375-70701-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-375-70701-8

Random House (1999)

The American Heritage Pocket Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-618-13216-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-618-13216-4

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2001)

The Penguin Pocket Spanish Dictionary Spanish-English/English-Spanish

ISBN-10: 0-141-02045-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-1410-2045-7

Penguin Group (2005)

21st Century Spanish-English/English-Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-440-22087-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-440-22087-9

Dell Publishing (1996)

word-for-word English-Spanish/Spanish-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0061774375 ISBN 13: 978-0-06-177437-9

HarperCollins Publishers (2009)

world wide Spanish English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1-59495-001-6 ISBN-13: 978-1-59495-001-8

Velázquez Press (2009)

American Heritage Spanish Dictionary 2nd Edition

ISBN-10: 0425175553 ISBN-13: 978-0425175552

Berkley; 2nd ed. (July 1, 2000)

The Concise American Heritage Spanish Dictionary: Spanish-English/Ingles-Espãnol

ISBN-10: 0618117695 ISBN-13: 978-0618117697

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt; 2nd ed. (August 10, 2001)

Random House Spanish-English/ English-Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0345405471 ISBN-13: 978-0345405470

Ballantine Books (June 30, 1996)

The Bantam New College Spanish and English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0553267140 ISBN-13: 978-0553267143

Bantam (June 1, 1984)

Harper Collins Spanish Dictionary: Spanish-English/English-Spanish

ISBN-10: 006273749x ISBN-13: 978-0062737496

CollinsRef; 1st ed. (August 1, 2000)

Hippocrene Practical Dictionary: Spanish-English/English-Spanish, Revised Edition

ISBN-10: 0781801796 ISBN-13: 978-0781801799

Hippocrene Books; sub. ed. (August 1, 1993)

langenscheidt Universal Spanish Dictionary: Spanish-English/English-Spanish

ISBN-10: 088729166x ISBN-13: 978-0887291661 ASIN: B0084KG99y

langenscheidt Publishing Group (1997)

larousse Mini Dictionary: Spanish-English/English-Spanish

ISBN-10: 2035420202 ISBN-13: 978-2035420206

larousse Bilingual/French; Bilingual ed. (April 15, 2002)

Vox Super-Mini Spanish and English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0844279927 ISBN-13: 978-0844279923

McGraw-Hill; 1st ed. (January 11, 1984)

The New College Spanish & English Dictionary, Second Edition

ISBN-10: 0877205388 ISBN-13: 978-0877205388

AMSCO; 2nd ed. (September 1, 1968)

Vox Super-Mini Spanish and English Dictionary (English-Spanish/Spanish-English)

ISBN-10: 0071451781 ISBN-13: 978-0071451789

McGraw-Hill; 2nd ed. (December 17, 2004)

webster’s Student Dictionary Spanish-English/Student

ISBN-10: 0756000289 ISBN-13: 978-0756000288

Teacher’s Discovery Group (January 1, 1997)

New webster’s Spanish-English/English-Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0938261096 ISBN-13: 978-0938261094

B C S Associates (1989)

The University of Chicago Spanish-English/English-Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 141653329x ISBN-13: 978-1416533290

Pocket Books; 5th ed. (2003)

webster’s New Spanish-English/English-Spanish Dictionary

ISBN-10: 1590270797 ISBN-13: 978-1590270790

The Popular Group llC (2004)

Table D1 (continued )

62

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateSpanish University of Chicago Spanish-English

Dictionary: Completely Updated and Revised Fifth Edition

ISBN-10: 0743470133 ISBN-13: 978-0743470131

Pocket Books; rev. ed. (July 1, 2003)

Spanish-English/English-Spanish Student Notebook Dictionary Teacher’s Discovery

ISBN-10: 0756002176 ISBN-13: 978-0756002176

Flying Frog Publications (2011)

Swahili English-Swahili/Swahili-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-55-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-55-6

Bilingual Dictionaries (2009)

Swahili-English/English-Swahili Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0480-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0480-9

Hippocrene Books (2000)

Tagalog/Pilipino English-Tagalog/Tagalog-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-37-x ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-37-2

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Pocket Tagalog Dictionary Tagalog-English/English-Tagalog

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0345-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0345-8

Tuttle Publishing (2005)

Pilipino-English/English-Pilipino Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2491-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2491-2

Hippocrene Books (1989)

Tagalog-English/English-Tagalog (Pilipino) Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0960-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0960-3

Hippocrene Books (2002)

Tajik Tajik Practical Dictionary: Tajik-English/ English-Tajik

ISBN-10: 078181233x ISBN-13: 978-0781812337

Hippocrene Books; Bilingual ed. (December 1, 2008)

Tamil winslow’s English-Tamil Dictionary ISBN-10: 8120600029 ISBN-13: 978-8120600027

laurier Books ltd./AES; 3rd rev. ed. (November 15, 1999)

Thai English-Thai/Thai-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-35-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-35-8

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Pocket Thai Dictionary Thai-English/English-Thai

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0045-x ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0045-7

Tuttle Publishing (2002)

Thai-English/English-Thai Dictionary ISBN-10: 1-8875-2114-3 ISBN-13: 978-1-8875-2114-7

Paiboon Publishing (2002)

Thai-English/English-Thai Dictionary ISBN-10: 1-8875-2132-1 ISBN-13: 978-1-8875-2132-1

Paiboon Publishing (2009)

Tibetan Students English-Tibetan Colloquial Dictionary

ISBN-10: 81-246-0160-7 ISBN-13: 978-8124-60160-0

D.K. Printworld (2011)

Tigrigna English-Tigrigna Dictionary 2nd Edition

ISBN-10: 1843560062 ISBN-13: 978-1843560067

Simon wallenburg Press; rev. and updated ed. (March 2, 2007)

Turkish English-Turkish/Turkish-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-95-7 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-95-2

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Berlitz Turkish-English Dictionary ISBN-10: 2831563860 ISBN-13: 978-2831563862

Berlitz Guides; Bilingual ed. (August 1998)

langenscheidt Universal Turkish Dictionary Turkish-English/English-Turkish

ISBN-10: 0887291678 ISBN-13: 978-0887291678

langenscheidt Publishing Group; Bilingual ed. (September 1979)

Twi (Ghana) Twi-English/English-Twi Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0264-4 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0264-2

Hippocrene Books (1998)

Ukranian English-Ukrainian/Ukrainian-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-25-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-25-9

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Ukrainian-English/English-Ukrainian Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0306-3 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0306-9

Hippocrene Books (1991)

Urdu English-Urdu/Urdu-English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-39-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-39-6

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

The little Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0195978994 ISBN-13: 978-0195978995

Oxford University Press; 1st ed. (May 26, 2005)

Uzbeck (Uzbeckistan, Central Asia)

Uzbek-English/English-Uzbek Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0165-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0165-2

Hippocrene Books (1994)

Table D1 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

63

Language Title ISBN Number Publisher/DateVietnamese English-Vietnamese/Vietnamese-

English word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-933146-96-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-933146-96-9

Bilingual Dictionaries (2008)

Pocket Vietnamese Dictionary Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese

ISBN-10: 0-7946-0044-1 ISBN-13: 978-0-7946-0044-0

Tuttle Publishing (2003)

Tuttle Pocket Vietnamese Dictionary Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese

ISBN-10: 0-8048-3777-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-8048-3777-4

Tuttle Publishing (2008)

Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1244-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1244-3

Hippocrene Books (2010)

Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese Standard Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-8705-2924-2 ISBN-13: 978-0-8705-2924-5

Hippocrene Books (1991)

Berlitz Vietnamese Compact Dictionary: Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese)

ISBN-10: 9812469524 ISBN-13: 978-9812469526

Berlitz Publishing; Bilingual ed. (April 1, 2011)

English-Vietnamese/Vietnamese word to word® Bilingual Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0933146965 ISBN-13: 978-0933146969

Bilingual Dictionaries; 2nd rev. ed. (December 18, 2011)

Essential English-Vietnamese Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0804816611 ISBN-13: 978-0804816618

Tuttle Publishing (August 15, 1990)

langenscheidt Pocket Dictionary Vietnamese: Vietnamese-English/English-Vietnamese

ISBN-10: 1585730599 ISBN-13: 978-1585730599

langenscheidt Publishing Group; 1st ed. (October 2001)

Welsh welsh-English/English-welsh Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0781807816 ISBN-13: 978-0781807814

Hippocrene Books (September 1999)

Yiddish yiddish-English/English-yiddish Practical Dictionary Expanded Edition

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0439-6 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0439-4

Hippocrene Books (1992)

English-yiddish/yiddish-English Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-9202-4310-x ISBN-13: 978-0920243107

Israel Book Shop (2008)

Yoruba yoruba-English/English-yoruba Modern Practical Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0978-9 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0978-8

Hippocrene Books (2004)

Zapotec (Mexico) Zapotec-English/English-Zapotec Concise Dictionary

ISBN-10: 0-7818-1010-8 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-1010-4

Hippocrene Books (2003)

Zulu Zulu-English/English-Zulu Dictionary, Scholar’s

ISBN-10: 0-7818-0255-5 ISBN-13: 978-0-7818-0255-1

Hippocrene Books (2004)

Compact Zulu Dictionary: English-Zulu/ Zulu-English

ISBN-10: 0796007608 ISBN-13: 978-0796007605

Educa Vision; 14th ed. (September 15, 2006)

Table D1 (continued )

64

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Table D2. Approved Bilingual Dictionaries and Glossaries for Content Areas

Language(s) Title Date PublisherNo. of

Entries ISBN-10 ISBN-13

Mathematics, Science, and Social Studies

Arabic English-Arabic/Arabic-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary (Math, Science, Social Studies)

2012 Bilingual Dictionaries

31,000 0-933146-56-6

978-0-933146-56-3

Chinese English-Chinese/Chinese-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary (Math, Science, Social Studies)

2012 Bilingual Dictionaries

31,000 0-933146-57-4

978-0-933146-57-0

French English-French/French-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary (Math, Science, Social Studies)

2012 Bilingual Dictionaries

30,000 0933146-69-8

978-0-933146-69-3

Creole English-Haitian Creole/Haitian Creole-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary(Math, Science, Social Studies)

2012 Bilingual Dictionaries

30,000 0-933146-70-1

978-0-933146-70-9

Spanish English-Spanish/Spanish-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary (Math, Science, Social Studies)

2011 Bilingual Dictionaries

31,000 0-933146-72-8

978-0-933146-72-3

Vietnamese English-Vietnamese/Vietnamese-English word to word with Subject Vocabulary (Math, Science, Social Studies)

2012 Bilingual Dictionaries

30,000 0-933146-68-x

978-0-933146-68-6

Mathematics

Velázquez Spanish and English Glossary for the MATHEMATICS Classroom

2011 Velázquez Press

10,000 1-59495-017-2

978-1-594950-17-9

Albanian, Arabic, Bengali, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, Haitian-Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Oromo, Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Tibetan, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

Math Glossaries (Grades 3–5)

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—MATH Grades 3–5

Velázquez Press

300

Spanish Mathematics as a Second language Terms Handbook (Spanish): Grades 5–12

2008 COMAP 307 0-912843-77-2

978-1-933223-12-4

Albanian, Arabic, Bengali, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Karen, Korean, Oromo, Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Tibetan, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese

Math Glossaries (Grades 6–8)

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

65

Language(s) Title Date PublisherNo. of

Entries ISBN-10 ISBN-13

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—MATH Grades 6–8

2011 Velázquez Press

300

Arabic, Bengali, Burmese, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Haitian Creole, Korean, Oromo, Polish, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese

Math A and B Glossaries (High School)

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—MATH Grades 9–12

2011 Velázquez Press

300

Science

Velázquez Spanish and English Glossary for the SCIENCE Classroom (grades 3–12)

2011 Velázquez Press

15,000 1-59495-010-5

978-1-594950-10-0

Arabic, Bengali, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Korean, Oromo, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Urdu, and Vietnamese

Science Glossaries (Grades 3–5)

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—SCIENCE Grades 3–5

2011 Velázquez Press

300

Arabic, Bengali, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Japanese, Karen, Korean, Oromo, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Urdu, and Vietnamese

Science Glossaries (Grades 6–8)

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—SCIENCE Grades 6–8

2011 Velázquez Press

300

Table D2 (continued )

66

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Language(s) Title Date PublisherNo. of

Entries ISBN-10 ISBN-13

Burmese High School Science Glossary

word to word Academic Vocabulary Sheet—SCIENCE Grades 9–12

Albanian, Arabic, Burmese, Chinese Traditional, Chinese Simplified, French, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Khmer/Cambodian, Korean, Lao/Laotian, Oromo, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, Ukrainian, Urdu, and Vietnamese

2011 Velázquez Press

300

Arabic, Bosnian, Chinese Simplified, Russian, and Spanish

living Environment Glossary (Biology)

Bengali, Chinese Traditional, Haitian Creole, Korean, Polish, Russian, and Spanish

High School level Chemistry Glossary

Chinese (Simplified) High School Science Glossary: Chemistry

Chinese (Traditional) High School level Physics Glossary

Spanish High School level Physics Glossary

Chinese (Simplified) High School Science Glossary: Physics

Distributors of Bilingual Word-to-Word Dictionaries and GlossariesAmazon Publishing

AMSCO–Perfection Learning

PO Box 500, Logan, IA 51546-0500

Phone: 800.831.4190

www.amscopub.com

Auckland University Press

The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

Phone: +64 9 373 7528

www.press.auckland.ac.nz

Barnes and Noble

Bilingual Dictionaries

PO Box 1154, Murrieta, CA 92564

Phone: 951.296.2445

Fax: 951.461.9911

[emailprotected]

Table D2 (continued )

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

67

Berlitz Publishing

Magdalen House, 136-148 Tooley Street, London SE1 2TU, United Kingdom

Phone: +44(0)20 7403 0284

www.berlitzpublishing.com

Cengage Learning

PO Box 6904, Florence, KY 41022-6904

Phone: 800.354.9706

Fax: 800.487.8488

http://ecatalog.cengage.com

Chinese University Press

Lady Ho Tung Hall, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR

Phone: +852 3943 9800

www.chinesesupress.com

COMAP

175 Middlesex Turnpike, Suite 3B, Bedford, MA 01730

Phone: 781.862.7878

Fax: 781.863.1202

[emailprotected]

Educa Vision

7550 NW 47th Ave., Coconut Creek, FL 33073

Phone: 954.968.7433

Fax: 954.970.0330

[emailprotected]

Far East Book Co., Ltd

66 Chungking South Road, Section 1, Taipei, Taiwan

Phone: (886 2) 2311-8740

www.fareastbook.com

Flying Frog Publishing

2219 York Road, Lutherville, MD 21093

www.flyingfrogpub.com

French & European Publications, Inc.

425 E. 58th St., Suite #27D, New York, NY 10022

Phone: 212.581.8810

www.frencheuropean.com

Gallaudet University Press

800 Florida Ave. NE, Washington, DC 20002-3695

Phone: 202.651.5488

Fax: 202.651.5489

www.gupress.gallaudet.edu/

HarperCollins Publishers

195 Broadway, New York, NY 10007

Phone: 212.207.7000

www.harpercollins.com

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APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Harvard Cooperative Society, (The Harvard Coop)

1400 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138

Phone: 617.499.2000

Fax: 617.499.2013

[emailprotected]

Hippocrene Books

171 Madison Ave., Suite 1602, New York, NY 10016

Phone: 718.454.2366

Fax: 718.454.1391

Hollym International Corp.

18 Donald Pl., Elizabeth, NJ 07208

Phone: 908.353.1655

www.hollym.com

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt International

19000 South Batavia Ave., Geneva, IL 60134

Phone: 630.208.5876

www.HMHCo.com

Israel Book Shop

410 Harvard St., Brookline, MA 02446

Phone: 617.925.6219

www.israelbookshop.com

Langenscheidt Publishing Group

36-36 33rd St., Long Island City, NY 11106

Phone: 718.784.0055

www.langenscheidt.com

Lahore Book Shop

Lajpat Rai Market, Near Society Cinema, Ludhiana – 141008, Punjab, India

Phone: +91-161-2740738

www.lahorepublishers.com

McGraw-Hill Companies

2 Penn Plaza, 10th Floor, New York, NY 10121

Phone: 212.904.2000

www.mcgraw-hill.com

Merriam-Webster, Inc.

PO Box 281, Springfield, MA 01102

www.merriam-webster.com

Nepali Dictionary Project

Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Rd., Chichester, NH 03258

[emailprotected]

www.gyanjyotikendra.org

New York State Education Department, Office of Bilingual

Education and Foreign Language Studies

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

69

Oxford University Press

198 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016

Phone: 800.445.9714

www.global.oup.com

Paiboon Publishing

1442A Walnut St., #256, Berkeley, CA 94709

Phone: 800.837.2979

Fax: 866.800.1840

[emailprotected]

Penguin Group (USA)

375 Hudson St., New York, NY 10014

Phone: 212.366.2000

www.penguin.com

Pharos Dictionaries

Cape Town, 12th Floor, Naspers, 40 Heerengracht, Roggebaai 8012

Phone: +27(0)21 406 3033

www.pharos.co.za

Random House

1745 Broadway, New York, NY 10019

Phone: 212.782.9000

www.randomhouse.com

Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, LLC,

7625 Empire Drive, Florence, KY 41041-2919

Phone: 800.634.7064

www.routledge.com

Schoenhof’s Foreign Books

76A Mount Auburn St., Cambridge, MA 02138

Phone: 617.547.8855

Fax: 617.547.8551

Star Publishers’ Distributors

4/5 Asaf Alli road, New Delhi 110002

Phone: +91-11-2328 6757, 2326 1696, 2327 4874, 2325 7220

www.hindibook.com

Sudan Literature Centre

Karen, Ndege Road 70, Nairobi Nairobi 00500 Kenya

Phone: +254-20 3882981/7

www.across-sudan.org

Teacher’s Discovery

2741 Paldan Dr., Auburn Hills, MI 48326

Phone: 800.832.2437

www.teachersdiscovery.com

70

APPENDIx D: APPROVED BIlINGUAl wORD-TO-wORD DICTIONARIES – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Tuttle

364 Innovation Dr., North Clarendon, VT 05759

Phone: 800.526.2778

Fax: 800.329.8885

[emailprotected]

University of Hawaii Press

2840 Kolowalu St., Honolulu, HI 96822

Phone: 888.847.7377

www.uhpress.hawaii.edu

Van Schaik

Cape Peninsula University of Technology

Student Centre, Symphony Way (off Modderdam Rd)

Phone: 021.951.4049

www.vanschaik.com

Velázquez Press

9682 Telstar Ave., Suite 110, El Monte, CA 91731

Phone: 626.448.3448

Fax: 626.602.3817

[emailprotected]

Yale University Press

PO Box 209040, New Haven, CT 06520

Phone: 203.432.093

www.yale.edu/yup/

This list was updated by ACT in November 2015.

APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

71

Appendix E: Procedures for Local Delivery of Read-Aloud Support – Summative TestingNote: ADE requires that room supervisors sign and file locally the ADE Security Affidavit Form for

Providing Accommodations for anyone who is:

• scribing or transcribing support (described in appendix B)

• providing any form of manual sign support (described in appendix C)

• providing human reader support (described in appendix E)

The ADE Security Affidavit is provided on the last page of this guide.

Definition of this Support For accessibility purposes, a human reader (referred to as a “personal reader”) may be allowed to

assist test takers with visual or print disabilities by providing word decoding support in the English

language for the printed text and, in some situations, by providing general navigation support

through the test. When there is clear evidence of student need and when the specific procedures

specified below are carefully followed, this support does not compromise the assessment of

mathematics, science, or writing skills being tested.

Allowed Content AreasRead-aloud of test items is permitted for Writing, Mathematics, and Science tests only.

As standard practice, test directions are read aloud for all content areas. For specific additional

information regarding the read-aloud of test directions, see:

• The Reading Test Directions Aloud to Students section of this guide

• ACT Aspire AR Room Supervisor Manual: Paper Summative Testing or AR Room Supervisor

Manual: Online Summative Testing

Who May Deliver Personal Reader SupportWhen read-aloud support is locally provided, it must be delivered by an appropriately trained

educational staff member. The read-aloud support may not be delivered by a parent, guardian, other

relative, or friend of the student being tested.

Individual Test AdministrationAn individualized test administration (1:1) is needed and very strongly recommended for the

administration of all human-delivered read-aloud accommodations. Providing test support through

a human reader is not preferred practice and should only be used in those rare occasions when

the need is clear and there is no other choice. When read-aloud support is needed, the use of the

computer audio reading support is highly preferred and recommended wherever it is possible to

accomplish and reasonable for the student.

The procedures outlined in this document are required of the local staff to properly implement

this support. These procedures require careful staff preparation using this document and significant

effort to learn the proper reading procedure for each content area. Specific and detailed reading

procedures for each content area are provided later in this document.

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APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Rationale for 1:1 Test AdministrationDifferent students work at different paces. They think about an item in different ways and have

different parts of the text that they need repeated at different times. Students are distracted and

often disrupted by each other when sitting in any size group where even one person is receiving a

human read-aloud support.

If, in a small group, all are receiving this same support from one reader, then all are expected to

process the same text stimuli at the same rate with the same number of repetitions, and thereby

experience even less control than in the individual administration, where they already are fully

dependent upon another person assisting them to read. In a group setting, students are unlikely

to ask for or use the support they need (for example, repetition of a section that was already read

aloud).

Furthermore, when any student is verbalizing his or her needs aloud for reading support and

specifying which sections need to be reread, the student’s needs are publicly displayed to all others—

including the reader, any teacher, and all peers nearby. This creates a situation where the student

who truly requires the support may be embarrassed and discouraged from asking for it or for the

natural repetition needed to clearly understand the text. This is a dehumanizing situation.

Data on the use of the read-aloud support show dramatic drops with the age of the student. It is

possible that these students all become strong readers as they grow older, but it is more likely

that the loss of personal dignity inherent in this support may be one reason for this finding. The

combination of humiliation, lack of personal user control, and loss of needed stimulus repetition

(automatically available to independent readers), can significantly limit or harm the expression of

reading comprehension and analysis skills that are present.

Individualized test administration of all read-aloud support is strongly recommended for these

reasons.

Benefits of Online DeliveryOnline delivery of read-aloud accommodation supports, when headphones are used, provides a

powerful solution to virtually all of the concerns that exist with human readers. It also gives the

experience of personal control back to the student, resulting in a standardized, cost-efficient, long

term solution that is consistent with 21st-century social, academic, and workplace technologies.

In online delivery, there is no concern about the delivery of this support to students within large

groups, assuming students are using headphones. Online delivery produces a virtual 1:1 experience

that is both standardized and of high quality—while providing the user privacy and dignity.

Individualized administration for all human read-aloud support is the best practice

recommendation.

For your local administration of human-reader accommodations, refer to the official

policy on test administration that is communicated by your governing educational

authority. Readers must carefully review and follow the procedures provided in this

appendix.

APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

73

General Procedure for Providing the Read-Aloud SupportThe human, personal reader support is not a substitute for the student interacting with the text;

rather, it is a means of facilitating the student’s access to the test. The read-aloud accommodation

provides support only for decoding of text (word identification), and sometimes for navigation

through the text. The read-aloud accommodation does not help the reader to comprehend any

decoded words or written elements. Prior to administration, the educator should ensure that a

student is familiar with the delivery method used by the personal reader. The testing situation must

not be the first time the student has experienced this kind of support.

All test items must be read exactly as they are printed in the student’s test booklet. The student must

be instructed to follow along in the test booklet as the reader reads the text aloud. The student may

ask for any portion of the Mathematics, Science, or Writing test to be reread as often as necessary

within the time allowed for that test. Each time a reread is requested, the reader must read the

requested portion of the text exactly as it is presented, with no explanation, no paraphrasing, and no

additional information provided to the student through the reading.

All ACT Aspire test questions rely on the student being able to comprehend and respond to the test

materials exactly as written. Any additional information, explanation, or translation could affect

what the tests are designed to measure and is therefore not allowed.

These procedures are focused upon the reading of material within the test, after the test directions

have already been read.

Specific Procedures for Staff Serving as ReadersTo maintain test integrity, you, as reader, must understand and follow all appropriate procedures.

Review the test format and specific testing procedures prior to test administration.

The student depends on the reader to read the test questions accurately, pronounce words correctly,

and speak in a clear voice throughout the test. The testing student may require all or portions of the

test to be read aloud.

Your task is to read the test passages, test questions, answer choices, and text in the graphics. Do not

try to solve problems or determine the correct answer as you read test questions, as this may result

in an unconscious pause or change in inflection that could be misleading or disconcerting to the

student. The expression on your face should remain neutral. Do not look at the student or smile or

frown to indicate approval or disapproval.

Read at a normal pace.

Pause after reading the question number and before reading the question itself.

Read each question as clearly and consistently as possible. Give special emphasis to words or

phrases printed in bold or italic type, set in all capital letters, or underlined, and tell the student that

the words or phrases are printed that way. Do not give your own emphasis to words not emphasized

in print.

Be familiar with the specific words, terms, symbols, and signs of the test contents. If you find

an unfamiliar word or one that you are not sure how to pronounce, advise the test taker of your

uncertainty about the word and spell it.

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APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

If there can be any doubt about the intended word you are reading (as in the case of words with the

same pronunciation but different spellings), spell the word after you have pronounced it.

Spell any words requested by the student.

Pronounce acronyms as words whenever possible (NASA), then continue by voicing the initial letters

(N-A-S-A, N-E-A, U-N).

Do not get into conversation about the test questions, but respond to the student’s questions by

repeating the questions, words, or instructions as needed.

When reading passages, pay attention to all punctuation marks. Read the passage through once so

that the student can grasp the content of the passage.

Some students may then ask for the passage to be read through a second time with punctuation

marks indicated. When this request is made or if required by the item, indicate all punctuation found

within those lines.

Orienting description: If the student has blindness, he or she will also have a companion braille-

tactile graphic booklet to use. The student should be tracking along in this companion booklet as the

item is read aloud exactly as printed. It is permissible, however, to provide a navigational orienting

description to a visually impaired student if needed. Such description must have no relation to

content. It functions only to name and roughly locate the parts contained in the item, as shown in

the following example: “This item has a statement followed by two tables. At the end of the item

there is a question followed by four answer choices for you to consider. Be sure to find these in

your braille booklet.” You may state the parts of the item and their physical location so long as you

provide no further information.

Special Considerations for Selected-Response TestsWhen reading a numbered item, say “question” and the number before each item.

If the item is a selected-response item, say “choice” and the letter before each option.

Be particularly careful to equally stress each answer option and read all answer options before

waiting for a response. The student will record the answer.

If the student chooses an answer before you have read all the answer choices, ask whether you

should read the other answer options.

Allow the student to pause before responding. However, if the student pauses for a considerable time

following your reading of the answer choices, say: “Do you want me to read the question again or any

part of it?” In rereading questions, be careful to avoid any special emphasis on words or phrases not

emphasized in the printed copy with bold or italic type, capital letters, or underlines.

Specific Procedures for Reading the Writing TestRead the writing prompt as clearly and consistently as possible. Give special emphasis to words or

phrases printed in bold or italic type, words set in all capital letters, or words that are underlined,

and tell the student that the words are printed that way. Do not give your own emphasis to words not

emphasized in print.

You may repeat portions of the writing prompt, as requested.

APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

75

Pay attention to all punctuation marks while reading the writing prompt. Read the passage through

once so that the test taker can grasp the content of the passage.

Some test takers may then ask for the passage to be read through a second time with punctuation

marks indicated. When this request is made or if required by the item, indicate all punctuation found

within those lines.

Specific Procedures for Reading the Mathematics and Science TestsIt is permissible to read any text and numbers presented in graphs or tables. If necessary, orient

the student to the graph or table before reading content (for orienting details, see graph and table

information below). It is not permissible to describe or interpret information contained in the graph

or table in any way.

Graphs1. Read the graph title.

2. Read the values on the x- and y-axes—not the contents. Read the horizontal axis first, from left

to right, and then read the vertical axis, from bottom to top.

Tables 1. Read the table title and indicate how many columns and how many rows are in the table.

2. Read the column headings from left to right.

3. Read the contents of each row from left to right.

Table E1 gives several examples of how to read mathematical and scientific terms.

Table E1. How to Read Mathematical and Scientific Abbreviations, Expressions, Symbols, and Numbers on ACT Aspire Tests

Description Example Read as:

Abbreviations km, cm, ft, µg kilometer, centimeter, foot (feet), microgram

Dashes 3–9 three through nine

Date February 6, 1987 February sixth, nineteen eighty-seven

Ellipses 2, 4, 6, … two, four, six, pause, dot, dot, dot

Operations with boxes or shapes ∆ + 3 = 8 Triangle plus three equals eight

Parenthesis (3 × 7) open parenthesis, three times seven, closed parenthesis

Decimal Points 0.00897 Zero point zero, zero, eight, nine, seven

Fractions* 1__2

, 3__4  

, 20/35, 1/12 One half, three fourths, twenty over thirty-five, one over twelve

Large whole numbers 12,356 Twelve thousand, three hundred, fifty-six

Exponents 82, 43, 64, 3−4, 2− 1_

2

eight squared, four cubed, six to the fourth power, three to the negative fourth power, two to the negative one-half power

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APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

Description Example Read as:

Roots √8– , 5√8–the square root of eight, five times the square root of eight

Symbols

°F degrees Fahrenheit

°C degrees Celsius

+ plus

− minus

= equals

> is greater than

< is less than

≥ is greater than or equal to

≤ is less than or equal to

≈ is approximately equal to

|5| the absolute value of five

# number

% percent

/ or

× times

· times

∠ angle

π pi

−7 negative seven

$4.89 four dollars and eighty-nine cents

* Fraction reading rule: Read common fractions (where the numerator is less than the denominator) by presenting the numerator as the number it represents and the denominator as the ordinal number using two words for the whole presentation. This rule applies to fractions that have a numerator and denominator >0 that is less than or equal to 19. Improper fractions should always be read in the format of “x over y.”

Table E1 (continued )

APPENDIx E: PROCEDURES FOR lOCAl DElIVERy OF READ-AlOUD SUPPORT – SUMMATIVE TESTING

77