Crop variety trials provide growers with valuable performance data to help inform variety choices for their farms (Pellack and Karlen, 2017; Williams and Roberts, 2002). Variety trials can also inform breeding efforts (Pellack and Karlen, 2017), which can accelerate progress toward food stability, climate change resilience, resource efficiency, and other complex agricultural challenges. The objective of variety trials is to evaluate varieties in specific environments where each environment encompasses a combination of the variability introduced by the location and season (Acquaah, 2009), which is often defined as site-years. Regional collaborations can offer results from multiple years and diverse locations, thereby greatly expanding the inference space and applicability of variety trial results (Rangarajan, 2002). The current approach to variety trials includes the use of check varieties, replicated experimental design, and common production practices, as well as data collection and statistical analysis (Williams and Roberts, 2002). Yield is typically the most important and common trait evaluated during variety trials, although food quality and consumer preference are also important evaluation criteria, especially for fruit and vegetable crops (Brown et al., 2020).
The majority of vegetable variety trials are conducted at a single location. As recent examples, O’Connell (2021) evaluated eight varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in field and high-tunnel systems at one location in Georgia. Afton et al. (2020) evaluated 45 varieties of lettuce at one location in Louisiana. Boyhan et al. (2020) compared 13 pepper (Capsicum annuum) varieties at one location in Georgia. Warren et al. (2015) studied 15 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varieties at one location in New Hampshire. Single-location variety trials are common for a good reason: conducting variety trials is expensive and time-intensive, and it is not possible to evaluate all varieties of interest with a single trial or in all desired environments (Brown et al., 2020). However, the inference space of results from a single-location variety trial is realistically limited to that single farm or others very similar to it in terms of climate, soil, and management. Although university-sponsored trials are often considered impartial, reliable sources of variety and location-specific performance data (Maynard, 2002; Pellack and Karlen, 2017; Williams and Roberts, 2002), fewer trials are conducted today because of reduced public research funding, fewer extension personnel, and fewer public vegetable breeders (Williams and Roberts, 2002). In addition, Brown et al. (2020) noted that some researchers may be reluctant to share raw data for fear of misrepresentation or because of resource constraints (Brown et al., 2020). There is also a lack of standardization for variety trial reporting (Brown et al., 2020; Rangarajan, 2002; Williams and Roberts, 2002) that limits comparisons among studies. The reduced availability and standardization of trial data contribute to widespread limitations in the long-term integration of data, as identified by Rangarajan (2002).
Results of individual variety trials can be extrapolated by aggregating data and using statistical models to predict and explain variety performance in other environments using environmental and genotypic covariates (Brown et al., 2020). van Etten et al. (2019) evaluated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), durum wheat (Triticum durum), and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Nicaragua, Ethiopia, and India, respectively, using crowdsourced data. During this study, farmers categorically ranked varieties on their farm and researchers developed useful climatic models to extrapolate results and variety recommendations across locations (van Etten et al., 2019). Lyon et al. (2020) used an analysis of variance to assess the adaptability of squash (Cucurbita moschata), broccoli (Brassica oleracea), and carrot (Daucus carota) varieties across dozens of on-farm locations in several states within their breeding network for organic vegetables. The adaptability analysis was used to identify broadly adapted varieties (those that perform well in most environments) and specifically adapted varieties (those that perform well specifically in high-yielding or low-yielding environments). They found the adaptability analysis to be useful for quantitative variables, like yield, but less valuable for qualitative variables, like flavor (Lyon et al., 2020). Munaro et al. (2020) aggregated data from 748 regional wheat (Triticum) variety performance trials across 92 locations and 19 years and used variance partitioning to identify the relative influences of regional climate, management, and genetics on variety traits. Climate and management explained the majority of variation in yield, whereas genetics explained only 2% of the variation (Munaro et al., 2020). Laurent et al. (2015) used a meta-analysis and mixed-effect models to compare potential yields of different energy crop species using direct (within study) and indirect (among study) comparisons to develop a relative ranking of the most promising crops. A similar meta-analysis approach may be useful for comparing the yield and quality of vegetable varieties within and among studies and regions. Overall, there have been far fewer efforts, particularly for specialty crops compared with field crops, to aggregate variety trial data across studies, networks, regions, and countries. Moreover, specialty crop variety trial data that are publicly available are disaggregated across countless sources and not synthesized in a way that can aid grower decision-making.
To address this gap, we aimed to aggregate and synthesize vegetable variety trial data from around the world, explore descriptive and explanatory trends, and present a synthesis of trial results in a user-friendly online decision-support tool. Our specific objectives were to conduct a systematic literature review and extract yield and quality data from publicly available broccoli, cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and sweet pepper variety trials; to analyze these data and make indirect, relative comparisons between varieties from different studies, environments, and seasons; to identify potential explanatory relationships between local conditions and yield; and to visualize these data in a free online tool for growers, extension personnel, researchers, breeders, and other interested parties.
Supplemental File 1
Studies included in the meta-analysis and online decision-support tool.
Broccoli
Antonova, G., I. Dimov, T. Dintcheva, H. Boteva, S. Masheva, V. Yankova, V. Kanazirska, G. Pevicharova, I. Tringovska, M. Michov, and O. Georgieva. 2010. Evaluation of the stability and the adaptability on the yield of broccoli cultivars grown under condition in monoculture and intercropping system. Cruciferae Nwsl. 29:16–18.
Boari, F., N. Calabrese, M. Renna, V. Cantore, and M.I. Schiattone. 2013. Effects of biofertilizers on gas exchange, yield and quality of some broccoli cultivars in organic farming. Acta Hort. 1005:397–404, doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.1005.47.
Boches, P., D. Kean, P. Kusolwa, J. Myers, and J. Stang. 2006. Vegetable variety trials 2005. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Brown, R. 2012. 2011 Vegetable variety report. 6 July 2020. <http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/riaes_bulletin/12>.
Butler, M. 1990. Broccoli variety trials 1989/1990. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221434>.
Butler, M. 1991. Broccoli variety trials 1990/1991. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214484>.
Butler, M. and N. Oebker. 1985. Yuma County broccoli trials 1984/1985. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214112>.
Butler, M. and N. Oebker. 1989. Broccoli variety trials 1988/1989. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214470>.
Butler, M., N. Oebker, and J. Davis. 1988. Broccoli variety trials 1987/1988. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214269>.
Butler, M.D. and J.A. Davis. 1987. Broccoli downy mildew trials. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221456>.
Butler, M.D. and N.F. Oebker. 1987. Broccoli variety trials, Yuma Valley Agricultural Center. 1986. 6 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221255>.
Carolina Farm Stewardship Association. 2014. Piedmont and eastern NC organic broccoli variety trial, Fall 2014. 6 July 2020. <https://www.carolinafarmstewards.org/southeast-organic-seed-and-variety-trials-report/>.
Colorado State University. 2004. Broccoli. 10 July 2020. <https://specialtycrops.agsci.colostate.edu/broccoli/>.
Conversa, G., C. Lazzizera, A. Bonasia, and A. Elia. 2019. Growth, N uptake and N critical dilution curve in broccoli cultivars grown under Mediterranean conditions. Scientia Hort. 244:109–121, doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2018.09.034.
Coolong, T. 2015. Broccoli variety trial: Fall 2013. In: T. Coolong (ed.). 2014/2015 University of Georgia Vegetable Crops Research Report. Univ. Georgia, Athens.
El-Hamed, A. and M.W.M. Elwan. 2010. Genotype by environment interaction and phenotypic stability of yield and quality in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). J. Plant Production Mansoura Univ. 1:819–835, doi: 10.21608/jpp.2010.86411.
Farnham, M.W. and T. Björkman. 2011. Evaluation of experimental broccoli hybrids developed for summer production in the eastern United States. HortScience 46:858–863, doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.46.6.858.
Farnham, M.W., A.P. Keinath, and M.A. Grusak. 2011. Mineral concentration of broccoli florets in relation to year of cultivar release. Crop Sci. 51:2721–2727, doi: 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0556.
Fletcher, R.E. 1986. Commercial broccoli cultivars for tropical lowland environments. Proc. XXII Annu. Mtg. Caribbean Food Crops Soc., St. Lucia, 25–29 Aug. 1986, doi: 10.22004/ag.econ.261324.
Gajc-Wolska, J., T. Spiżewski, and A. Grabowska. 2013. The effect of seaweed extracts on the yield and quality parameters of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. cymosa L.) in open field production. Acta Hort. 1009:83–89, doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.1009.9.
Goldy, R. and D. Francis. 2001. Broccoli yield trial. Southwest Michigan Res. Ext. Ctr., Benton Harbor.
Guan, W. 2020. Fall broccoli production in high tunnels. Midwest Vegetable Trial Reports. Paper 11. 10 July 2020. <https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/mwvtr/1>.
Harrison, H.F. and M.W. Farnham. 2013. Differences in tolerance of broccoli and cabbage cultivars to clomazone herbicide. HortTechnology 23:6–11, doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH.23.1.6.
Hatterman-Valenti, H., P. Mayland, L. Duppong, and S. Friedricks. 2003. Broccoli cultivar trial 2003. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
Hatterman-Valenti, H., P. Mayland, and S. Friedricks. 2002. Broccoli cultivar trial. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
Heather, D.W., J.B. Sieczka, M.H. Dickson, and D.W. Wolfe. 1992. Heat tolerance and holding ability in broccoli. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 117:887–892, doi: 10.21273/JASHS.117.6.887.
Holloway, P.S., J. Hanscom, E. Gardiner, and G.E.M. Matheke. 2008. Annual vegetable trials 2008. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/11122/2824>.
Howard, N. and J.C. Snyder. 2005. Fall broccoli cultivar trial, northwestern Kentucky. Univ. Kentucky, Lexington.
Ingratta, F.J. and W.A. Straver. 1978. Vegetable cultivar trials 1978. Ontario Ministry Agr. Food, Vineland Sta., ON, Canada.
Jett, L. 2015. Evaluation of broccoli cultivars for summer crown-cut production in West Virginia. Purdue Fruit Vegetable Res. Rep. Paper 117. 10 July 2020. <https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/fvtrials/117>.
Johnson, G. 2017. 2017 University of Delaware spring broccoli variety trial. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Johnson, G. and E. Ernest. 2010. 2010 University of Delaware fall broccoli variety trial. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Kean, D., J. Myers, and J. Stang. 2004. Vegetable variety trials 2003. Oregon State Univ. Ext., Corvallis.
Kemble, J., E. Vinson, and A. Caylor. 2012. Several broccoli varieties produce higher than market standard. Fall 2011 Commercial Fruit Vegetable Variety Trials Reg. Bull. 25.
Khan, B. and L. Carrier. 2015. Fall 2014 broccoli variety trial. Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater.
Khan, B., L. Wells, B. Bostian, and F. Steiner. 2003. Fall 2002 broccoli variety trial. Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater.
Kolbe, L. 2016. Summer broccoli variety trial. 10 July 2020. <http://bit.ly/pfi_horticulture>.
Kundu, P., A. Mukherjee, and N.C. Sahu. 2018. Suitable cultivars of broccoli, red cabbage, capsicum and french bean for alluvial tracts of West Bengal. J. Krishi Vigyan 7:197–202, doi: 10.5958/2349-4433.2018.00132.0.
Laemmlen, F.F. and K.S. Mayberry. 1984. Broccoli resistance to downy mildew. Calif. Agr. 38(11):17.
Lawson, V. 2001. Broccoli cultivar trial. Iowa State Univ., Fruitland.
Loughton, A., J. O’Sullivan, A.W. McKouwn, R.A. Brammall, R. Baker, W.J. Bouw, J. Packer, and G.E. Banfield. 1993. Vegetable cultivar trials 1992. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10214/7303>.
Matheke, G.E.M., J. Hanscom, P.S. Holloway, and A. Gardiner. 2003. Vegetable cultivar trials 2003. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/11122/2114>.
Matheke, G.E.M., J. Hanscom, P.S. Holloway, and E. Gardiner. 2006. Vegetable trials 2006. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/11122/2818>.
McKenzie, L. 2013. Breeding an open pollinated broccoli for organic production systems using participatory methods. MS Thesis, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Muehmer, J., B. Gillier Eagen, and R. Wright. 1988. Vegetable trial report. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10214/5388>.
Myers, J. and B. Yorgey. 2006. Broccoli breeding, evaluation and seed production: Report to the Oregon Processed Vegetable Commission, 2006–2007. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Myers, J. and B. Yorgey. 2010. Broccoli breeding, evaluation and seed production: Report to the Oregon Processed Vegetable Commission, 2009–2010. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Myers, J. and B. Yorgey. 2015. Broccoli breeding, evaluation and seed production 2015: OPVC Continuing Project Report. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Nair, A., K. Lang, and M. Bilenky. 2018. Effect of row cover materials and cultivars in broccoli production systems. Iowa State Univ. Res. Demonstration Farms Prog. Rpt. 2018.
Northern Organic Vegetable Improvement Collaborative. 2010. 2010 Organic broccoli variety trial results. 10 July 2020. <https://varietytrials.eorganic.info/node/578>.
Northern Organic Vegetable Improvement Collaborative. 2011. 2011 Organic broccoli variety trial results. 10 July 2020. <https://varietytrials.eorganic.info/node/572>.
Northern Organic Vegetable Improvement Collaborative. 2012. 2012 Organic broccoli variety trial results. 10 July 2020. <https://varietytrials.eorganic.info/node/568>.
O’Connell, S. and R. Tate. 2017. Winter broccoli and cauliflower under organic high tunnels in a humid, subtropical climate. HortScience 52:1511–1517, doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI12291-17.
Ordiales, E., D.J. Iglesias, M.V. Alarcón, L. Zajara, J. Gil, J.I. Gutiérrez, and J. Salguero. 2017. Characteristics defining broccoli cultivars from different seed producers. Int. J. Agron. 6: doi: 10.1155/2017/8216390.
Organic Seed Alliance. 2012. 2012 California organic variety trial report. 10 July 2020. <https://seedalliance.org/publications/2012-organic-variety-trials-report/>.
PennState Extension. 2012. 2012 Broccoli variety trial. 10 July 2020. <https://extension.psu.edu/2012-broccoli-variety-trial>.
Piya, S., A.R. Bajracharya, J.L. Mandal, and B.P. Choudhary. 2010. Varietal performance of broccoli for summer season production. Nepalese Hortic. 7:13–17.
Renaud, E.N.C., E.T.L. van Bueren, M.J. Paulo, F.A. van Eeuwijk, J.A. Juvik, M.G. Hutton, and J.R. Myers. 2014. Broccoli cultivar performance under organic and conventional management systems and implications for crop improvement. Crop Sci. 54:1539–1554, doi: 10.2135/cropsci2013.09.0596.
Sahamishirazi, S., J. Moehring, S. Zikeli, M. Fleck, W. Claupein, and S. Graeff-Hoenninger. 2018. Agronomic performance of new open pollinated experimental lines of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) evaluated under organic farming. PLoS One 13(5):e0196775, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196775.
Sánchez, E., T. Butzler, L. Stivers, R. Pollock, T. Elkner, S. Bogash, and W. Lamont. 2016. Performance of broccoli cultivars in spring and fall evaluations in Pennsylvania. HortTechnology 26:869–876, doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH03519-16.
Schumacher, B.R., J. O’Sullivan, A.W. McKouwn, R.A. Brammall, R. Baker, W.J. Bouw, L.A. Reynolds, and G.E. Banfield. 1988. Vegetable cultivar trials 1988. Res. Rpt. 99. Hort. Expt. Sta., Simcoe, ON, Canada.
Serban, D. and G. Nedelea. 2012. Research concerning the comparative analysis of the impact of different morphological features on yield in an assortment of broccoli. J. Hort. For. Biotechnol. 16:210–213.
Sterrett, S.B., K.G. Haynes, and C.P. Savage. 2004. Cluster analyses on quality attributes identify broccoli cultivars suitable for early and main-season harvests on the eastern shore of Virginia. HortTechnology 14:376–380, doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH.14.3.0376.
Talbot, A. 2017. Evaluating natural and induced resistance of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) against Pieris rapae. MS Thesis, Univ. Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Toth, N., J. Borosić, I. Zutić, B. Novak, and B. Benko. 2007. Yield components of broccoli cultivars grown in the continental climate of Croatia. Acta Hort. 729:255–260, doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.729.41.
Toth, N., S. Fabek, B. Benko, M. Herak Ćustić, and I. Radojčić Redovniković. 2014. Yield components and glucosinolate contents of broccoli cultivars in summer-autumn growing cycle. Acta Hort. 1040:323–329, doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2014.1040.45.
Wagner, P., G. Matheke, D. Dinkel, and M. Griffith. 1989. Summary of vegetable variety trials, Fairbanks, Alaska, 1978-1985. Univ. Alaska Fairbanks Circ. 67.
Walton, L.R. and J.H. Casada. 1988. Evaluation of broccoli varieties for mechanical harvesting. Appl. Eng. Agr. 4(1):5–7, doi: 10.13031/2013.26570.
Wilcox, M. 1995. Broccoli variety trials 1994/1995. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221445>.
Wilcox, M. 1996. Broccoli variety trials 1995/1996. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214722>.
Wright, S., D. Slone, and J. Snyder. 2015. Fall broccoli cultivar trial 2012–2013. Purdue Fruit Vegetable Res. Rpt. Paper 116. 10 July 2020. <https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/fvtrials/116>.
Zerkoune, M.A. 2001. Field evaluation of broccoli varieties grown in southwest low desert soils. Coop. Ext., Univ. Arizona, Yuma, AZ. 10 July 2020. <http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214933>.
Cucumber
2015. Eastern sustainable organic cucurbit project trial results: 2014 & 2015. Cornell Univ., Auburn Univ., Clemson Univ., North Carolina State Univ.
2016. Eastern sustainable organic cucurbit project trial results: 2016. Cornell Univ., Auburn Univ., Clemson Univ., North Carolina State Univ.
Abdel, C. 2009. Evaluating the productivity of five cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars and their responses to varying rates of gibberellic acid (GA3). J. Dohuk Univ. Agr. Vet. 12(1):1–10.
Adesina, J.M. and A.T. Benjamin. 2016. Varietal productivity and planting date effect on the growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Owo, south western Nigeria. Intl. J. Hortic. 6(23):1–9, doi: 10.5376/ijh.2016.06.0023.
Aviles-Rodriguez, L., E. Caraballo, and G. Fornaris-Rullan. 1990. An evaluation of 10 cucumber (Cucumis sativa L.) cultivars in southern Puerto Rico. J. Agr. Univ. P. R. 74:461–463, doi: 10.46429/jaupr.v74i4.6686.
Ballester, M.R., C.A.R. Caro, and J.V. Fortuno. 1960. An evaluation of pickling cucumber varieties at Isabela Substation. J. Agr. Univ. P. R. 46:360–362, doi: 10.46429/jaupr.v46i4.12356.
Bergefurd, B.R., T. Harker, and D.S. Wright. 2003. Evaluation of cucumber cultivars for southern Ohio, 2003. Ohio State Univ., Piketon.
Bidein, T., N.E.S. Lale, and U. Zakka. 2016. Efficacy of combining varietal resistance with organic fertilizer application in reducing infestation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by insect pests in the Niger Delta. Amer.-Eurasian J. Agr. Environ. Sci. 16:532–542, doi: 10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2016.16.3.12868.
Blazquez, C.H. 1970. Varietal resistance to three cucumber foliar diseases in southwest Florida. Plant Dis. Rep. 54:52–55.
Boches, P., D. Kean, P. Kusolwa, J. Myers, and J. Stang. 2006. Vegetable variety trials 2005. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.
Bogash, S. 2013. Green slicer cucumber variety trial year 2. Cumberland County Coop. Ext., Carlisle, PA.
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Call, A. 2012. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) PI 197088 and effect of interaction of host plant resistance, fungicides, and environment on severity of downy mildew on cucumber. PhD Diss., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.
Call, A.D., A.D. Criswell, T.C. Wehner, K. Ando, and R. Grumet. 2012. Resistance of cucumber cultivars to a new strain of cucurbit downy mildew. HortScience 47:171–178, doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.47.2.171.
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Echavez-Badel, R. 1989. Performance of cucumber varieties in soil infested with root-knot and reniform nematodes. J. Agr. Univ. P. R. 73:321–325.
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Ernest, E. 2009. Slicing cucumber variety trial results 2009. Univ. of Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
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George, C. 1972. Evaluation of slicing cucumber varieties at Union Agricultural Station Saint Lucia. Proc. X Annu. Mtg. Caribbean Food Crops Soc., San Juan, Puerto Rico, 11–16 June 1972, doi: 10.22004/ag.econ.263333.
Ghallab, M., N. Habashi, and A. Iskandar. 2011. Sensitivity of four cucumber cultivars to some piercing sap sucking pests infestation and their impact on yield. Egyptian J. Agr. Res. 89:1363–1373.
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Goldy, R. and K. Farrantella. 2017. Slicing cucumber performance in southwest Michigan. Southwest Michigan Res. Ext. Ctr., Benton Harbor.
Goldy, R. and V. Wendzel. 2015. Evaluation of 13 slicing cucumbers in southwest Michigan. Southwest Michigan Res. Ext. Ctr., Benton Harbor.
Goldy, R., V. Wendzel, and D. Francis. 2001. Bejo pickle trial. Southwest Michigan Res. Ext. Ctr., Benton Harbor.
Gruetze, S., K. Oxley, and C. Rivard. 2016. 2016 Evaluation of standard pickling cucumber varieties in Kansas. Kansas State Univ., Manhattan.
Guan, W. 2016. 2016 Cucumber variety evaluation in a high tunnel at southwest Indiana. Vegetable Crops Hotline Issue 622.
Guan, W., E.T. Maynard, B. Aly, J. Zakes, D.S. Egel, and L.L. Ingwell. 2019. Parthenocarpic cucumber cultivar evaluation in high-tunnel production. HortTechnology 29:634–642, doi: 10.21273/HORTTECH04370-19.
Hassell, R., C. Wallace, and K. Scaife. 1996. Pickling cucumber cultivar evaluation trials. Ohio Agr. Res. Dev. Ctr., Wooster.
Holdsworth, W.L., C.F. Summers, M. Glos, C.D. Smart, and M. Mazourek. 2014. Development of downy mildew-resistant cucumbers for late-season production in the northeastern United States. HortScience 49:10–17, doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.49.1.10.
Hutton, M. and D. Handley. 2009. Evaluation of pickling and slicing cucumber varieties. Univ. Maine Coop. Ext., Monmouth.
Ikenganyia, E., U. Ndubuaku, C. Onyeonagu, and I. Dimelu. 2015. Performance of three varieties of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) in composted rice husks plus poultry manure media and the effects on soil nutrient status. Intl. J. Plant Soil Sci. 5(3):167–174, doi: 10.9734/IJPSS/2015/13603.
Ingratta, F.J. and W.A. Straver. 1978. Vegetable cultivar trials 1978. Ontario Ministry Agr. Food, Vineland Sta., ON, Canada.
Jett, L.W. 2011. Parthenocarpic cucumbers are a successful double crop for high tunnels. West Virginia Univ., Morgantown.
Jett, L.W. and J. Quinn. 2005. Growing cucumbers within a high tunnel. Univ. Missouri, Columbia.
Johnson, G. and E. Ernest. 2010. Small plot pickling cucumber variety trial and pickling cucumber evaluations for traits affecting mechanical harvest. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Kaaan, F. and G. Anais. 1971. A comparative trial of cucumber varieties and hybrids in Guadeloupe 1980. Proc. IX Annu. Mtg. Caribbean Food Crops Soc., Georgetown, Guyana. DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.263361.
Kean, D., J. Myers, and J. Stang. 2004. Vegetable variety trials 2003. Oregon State Univ. Ext., Corvallis.
Kee, E. and E. Ernest. 2005. 2005 University of Delaware pickle variety trials. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Kee, E. and E. Ernest. 2007. 2007 University of Delaware pickle variety trial. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Kee, E., T. Wootten, and K. Bros. 2002. 2002 University of Delaware spring pickle variety trial. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Kee, E., T. Wootten, and C. Farm. 2002. 2002 University of Delaware fall pickle variety trial. Univ. Delaware Res. Educ. Ctr., Georgetown.
Khan, B., L. Wells, B. Bostian, and C. Maness. 2002. Cucumber variety trial. Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater.
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Supplemental Table 1. Tabulation of meta-analysis results for 85 broccoli varieties including mean relative yield and quality potential, lower and upper relative yield and quality potential (determined by the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals around the mean), and the number of site-years and studies contributing to each estimate. Varieties are arranged in order of greatest (top) to lowest (bottom) mean relative yield. These data are also presented visually in the graphical summaries section of the Vegetable Variety Navigator. An “N/A” in an individual cell indicates insufficient replication for inclusion in the meta-analysis (less than three site-years).
Supplemental Table 2. Tabulation of meta-analysis results for 104 cucumber varieties including mean relative yield and quality potential, lower and upper relative yield and quality potential (determined by the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals around the mean), and the number of site-years and studies contributing to each estimate. Varieties are arranged in order of greatest (top) to lowest (bottom) mean relative yield. These data are also presented visually in the graphical summaries section of the Vegetable Variety Navigator. An “N/A” in an individual cell indicates insufficient replication for inclusion in the meta-analysis (less than three site-years).
Supplemental Table 3. Tabulation of meta-analysis results for 144 pepper varieties including mean relative yield and quality potential, lower and upper relative yield and quality potential (determined by the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals around the mean), and the number of site-years and studies contributing to each estimate. Varieties are arranged in order of greatest (top) to lowest (bottom) mean relative yield. These data are also presented visually in the graphical summaries section of the Vegetable Variety Navigator. An “N/A” in an individual cell indicates insufficient replication for inclusion in the meta-analysis (less than three site-years).
